Fear

Passages

Every passage tagged with this emotion in the Vela corpus. Search the body text, narrow by source or register, click through to a book’s profile to see how the passage sits with the rest of the work.

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• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  A. Radical sense, to fall, fall down, and (when intentional) ¢o cast oneself down, Hom., etc. ; πέσε πρηνής, πέσεν ὕπτιος Il. 6. 307., 15. 435, etc. ; vupddes .. π. θαμειαΐ 12.278; ὀπίσω πέσεν Od. 12. 410; etc. :— Construction, with Preps., in Hom. almost always πίπτειν ἐν... as, 7. ἐν κονίῃσιν to fall in the dust, i.e. to rise no more, to fall and lie there, Il. 11. 425., 13. 205; ἐν αἵματι καὶ κονίῃσιν πεπτεῶτας Od. 22. 384 ; πὶ ἐν ἀγκοίνῃσί τινος to fall into her husband’s arms, Hes. Fr. 21. 5; ἐν χθονὶ πεπτηώς Simon. in Anth. P. 7.24; so in Att. Poets, 7. ἐν δεμνίοις Eur. Or. 35, cf. Aesch. Pers. 125, etc. (v. infr. B. I); rare in Prose, 7. ἐν ποταμῷ Xen. Ages. 1, 32 :—the Prep. ἐν is also omitted, πεδίῳ πίπτειν to fall and lie there, 1]. 5. 82; and so in Att., π᾿ δεμνίοις Eur. Or. 88, cf. Herm, Soph. El. 420, Seidl. Eur. El. 424:—also, π. ἐπὶ χθονί Od. 24. 535, cf. Hes. Fr. 47. 73 ἐπὶ γᾷ Soph. Ant. 134 :—mpds πέδῳ Eur. Bacch. 605 ; πρὸς ἀγκάλαις τινός Eur. Ion 962 :---ἠἀμφὶ σὠώμασίν τινων Aesch. Ag. 326:— with a Prep. of motion first in Hes., Πληιάδες π. és πόντον Op. 618 ; ποταμὸς eis ἅλα Th. 791; cf. Pors. Hec. 1018 (1025) ; αἷμα π. ἐπὶ γᾶν Aesch, Ag. Io1g; ἐπὶ στόμα Xen. Cyn. 10, 13; πρὸς οὖδας Eur. Hee. 405. 2. Hom. uses it with Advs. of motion as well as of rest, χαμάδις π. Il. 7. 16., 15. 714, etc. ; χαμαὶ π. 4. 482., 14. 418, etc. ; 7. ἔραζε 12. 156, Od. 22. 280. 3. often also with Preps., denoting the point from which one falls, ἀπ᾿ ὥμων χαμαὶ πέσε 1]. 16. 803; ἀπ᾽ οὐρανοῦ Aesch. Fr. 38; ἀπό τινος ὄνου Plat. Legg. γοι D; ἐκ χειρὸς π. ἡνία Il. 5. 583; π. ἐκ νηός Od. 12. 417; ἐκ νηὸς .. ἐνὲ πόντῳ TO. 51. 4. absol., πίπτε δὲ λαός were falling fast, Il. 8. 67, etc.; esp. in pf. to be fallen, lie low, Aesch. Cho. 263, etc.: so also with acc. cogn. added, πεσεῖν .. πτώματ᾽ οὐκ ἀνασχετά Id. Pr. 919; πεσήματα πλεῖσθ᾽ Ἑλλάδος πέπτωκε Eur. Andr. 653. B. Special usages : I. πίπτειν ἔν τισι to throw oneself, fall violently upon, attack, ἐνὲ νήεσσι πέσωμεν 1]. 14. 742 ; ἐν βουσὶ π. Soph. Aj. 3753 Ἔρως, ὃς ἐν κτήμασι π. Id. Ant. 782; ἐπ᾿ ἀλλήλοισι, Of com- batants, Hes. Sc. 379, cf. 375; πρὸς μῆλα καὶ ποίμνας Soph. Aj. 1061 ; πρὸς πύλαις Aesch, Theb. 462. 2. to throw oneself down, fal 1 down, πρὸς βρέτη θεῶν Ib. 185; ἀμφὶ γόνυ τινός Eur. Hec. 787: εἰς γόνατα on one’s knees, of a wrestler, Simon. in Anth. Plan. 24 ; ἐς τὸν ὦμον Ar. Eq. B 571. II. to fall in battle, irre δὲ λαός Il. 8. 67, etc. ; of πεπτω- ς ὅ,α 1216

• From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

  Give it to Becky now.” The ritual continued until each of the alien-looking children had a turn, touching me and brushing my hair as if I were a possession. My mother and her friend smiled approvingly. When it was over, my mother said, “I have to go now. I’ll be back later.” Until that moment, I had taken the situation in stride with my mother near me, her presence a lifeline to the real world we had left behind and to which I was sure I’d return. It had not occurred to me that I would be left with these people. I grabbed the lower fringe of her jacket. “Where are you going?” She removed my hands, and a flutter of panic rose in my chest. “It’s a surprise,” she said. I’d had enough surprises. My muscles tensed as she turned toward the hallway with Mary Ann behind her. I heard the door open, then click shut as they walked out, leaving me with the strangers who openly stared at me in my too-bright clothes with my big puffy hair fanning out around my shoulders after too much brushing. One of the women, tall and pale with a round moon face, broke the sharp awkward silence and told me to follow her. When I hesitated, she beckoned with her finger. We walked down another hallway to a bathroom where she positioned me in front of a long rectangular mirror mounted over several sinks. “You are very lucky,” she said, placing her hands on my shoulders while she stood behind me. “Not all children get to come to Synanon.” A tight feeling squeezed my insides, but I managed to nod. Seeming satisfied, the woman opened a drawer and pulled out a large pair of scissors. A sense that something very bad was about to happen pricked my skin. I wondered how much longer it would be until my mother came back. “Would you like to be a Synanon kid?” Her eyes narrowed, her gaze sweeping over my body. Barely nodding, I fixed my gaze on her fingers looped through the scissors’ handles. “I’m so glad,” she said, picking up a lock of my hair. The cold flat metal of the scissors rested against my scalp as she cut into my dark thick curls and a chunk of hair fluttered down to the bathroom counter. She snipped quickly, hair spilling onto my shoulders and hands and around my feet. “I am going to make you beautiful,” she said under her breath. “Bald girls are beautiful.” Unable to find my voice, I simply stared at the blunt tufts of hair sticking out from my head. She procured an electric clipper and turned it on. It buzzed and vibrated as she slid it easily over my scalp, leaving a path of smooth brown skin. In minutes, I was bald.

• From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

  Though Sophie and I shared the position of school pariah, she always seemed to glean facts and gossip quicker than anyone else I knew. “Did they find her?” I asked. “I think so. But I hope not,” she added quickly. If Sara were still on the run, how far would she have gone by now? I imagined her walking in the hills, feeling her way in the dark through grass that was sometimes shoulder-height, stumbling on dips and crevices. Did she even know where she was going? Three years older than me, Sara occupied a social position on the lower rung of the popular crowd and was especially good at making trouble for herself. She was usually beginning or finishing some punishment, amongst them an afternoon scrubbing pots in the kitchen or several days of the silent treatment. A latent rage bubbled just below the surface of her temperament. Her mother, who had left the commune when she was small, never came to see her. She’d been told that was because her mother didn’t want her. At one point Sara and some of her friends had started a gang, calling themselves The Baldies after a movie we had seen called The Wanderers, about an Italian gang in the Bronx during the 1960s. The imitation Baldies were mostly girls and a few boys who put Vaseline in their very short hair and slicked it back. They roamed as a pack during free time, practicing being surly and giving all of us “murder-ones,” as we kids called their mean, slit-eyed look. They talked back to demonstrators and roughed up a few of the kids to engender fear. The Baldies gang lasted a week or two until they were squashed by the real masters of intimidation, the Imperial Marines, a fascist Synanon youth group that was being trained as a kind of mafia-like entity, a burgeoning army for the holy war Chuck was threatening to wage against outsiders who caused problems for Synanon. In any case, The Baldies was a flash-in-the-pan manifestation of delinquent behavior. As we approached the Shed, I noticed quite a few adults also making their way to the building. After depositing our shoes in the vestibule, we continued into the main part of the mammoth dining hall, squinting in the glare of fluorescent lights. The demonstrators circulated among us. “Sit down,” they hissed. There was nowhere to sit other than on the floor, and kids who did not obey fast enough were shoved down. A frisson of hostility bristled from the older children, commingling with the swift, panicky submission of the younger ones. All of us wondered what we’d done wrong. Why were we being punished? The adults sat around and above us in the chairs used at the dining tables. There must have been a hundred of them, and at that moment they did not look human. With their shaved heads, grim faces and hateful eyes, they were like a pack of robots.

• From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

  She snipped quickly, hair spilling onto my shoulders and hands and around my feet. “I am going to make you beautiful,” she said under her breath. “Bald girls are beautiful.” Unable to find my voice, I simply stared at the blunt tufts of hair sticking out from my head. She procured an electric clipper and turned it on. It buzzed and vibrated as she slid it easily over my scalp, leaving a path of smooth brown skin. In minutes, I was bald. In the mirror, a different little girl stared back at me, a girl whose head was too small for the rest of her body, her dark eyes now seemingly enlarged. I had become an alien like the others. I didn’t want to look at my reflection, but I couldn’t stop staring. The woman bent down to my level. Her eyes glowed with an intensity I would later learn to recognize as fanaticism. “Look how beautiful you are now.” I knew she was lying, trying to make me feel better about what she had done. Why had she done it, I wanted to ask, but I couldn’t seem to talk. I wanted to tell her I needed to go home—that I’d changed my mind; I didn’t want to be at Synanon anymore. Where was my mom? My thoughts clamored like frantic spectators at a show where things had gone drastically wrong. My words were stuck. “Today you are a new person, a Synanon kid. Today is your birthday,” the woman said. It wasn’t my birthday. My birthday was in October.

• From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

  as quickly she looked back at the asphalt, her chest visibly rising and falling. “You think you can just cop out here?” His voice was soft. She shook her head. “What?” “No, Buddy.” “All right. Down. Give me twenty.” “I can’t.” The words were just a hiss of breath. She didn’t see it coming, but we did. His large hand connected hard with her thin chest. She flew back, landing on her bottom, the wind knocked out of her. She opened her mouth, but no sound came out. “You want to play games?” Buddy said. She shook her head, eyes watering. “Is this a game?” Buddy called out to us. “No!” we yelled in unison. “Give me twenty!” She rose to all fours, shaking, and managed to get into the pushup position, her middle sagging. “Pull yourself up.” She did, her spaghetti arms trembling harder now as she attempted to make her first pushup. Creaking down, she collapsed, her body convulsing in sobs. Buddy stood, his hands on his hips, eyes hooded. “Up!” With an act of supreme will, she pushed herself back up. “Down! That’s two!” Again she collapsed. My neck felt stiff. My eyes strained from looking straight ahead. Giving up on the girl, Buddy began to pace among our ranks. “This is Synanon. You are Synanon kids, and I’m going to whip your asses into shape. You hear me?” “Yes, Buddy!” “After our exercises, we will be running. There is no stopping. I catch

• From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

  the night to drive all the way out here because of you! I’m fucking angry. Tonight, I’m ashamed that you’re my daughter.” Sara’s chin quivered, but her eyes never left Ray’s face, as if she were trying to understand something once and for all. He grabbed her arm, almost pulling her off her feet and proceeded to beat her with the paddle. The force that he used would have knocked her to the ground if he hadn’t been tightly grasping her arm beneath the shoulder. At first she did not cry. We heard only the loud thwacking sounds that echoed through the building. All of us kids had received paddlings at one time or another. Once, I, along with a group of other children, had been required to witness Gloria’s spanking. The demonstrator had stripped her of her pants and underwear, forced her to bend to the point where we could plainly see her vagina and beat her until she spurted pee. Sara’s lack of tears or cries encouraged her father to strike harder. Thwack! Her body flew forward with each hit of the paddle, forcing her to dance in place. When she still refused to make a sound, the blows came harder and faster. Finally, after what seemed like a full minute, she let out a small whimper. Ray gave one more final strike, and a guttural sound of anguish shot from her mouth as he let go of her arm and she fell to her knees. Ray stood hunched, his chest heaving, his anger spent, the paddle hanging limply at his side. He scanned the faces around him, looking lost. One of the younger girls who sat next to me leaned in closer, her shoulder pressing mine as if I could protect her. The original announcer came forward and took the paddle from Ray’s hand, patting his back before motioning for him to sit down. “Stand up,” he said to Sara. She rose to her feet, her face absent of color, gaze darting about the room. The man smiled and lifted Sara’s arm high as a statement for all of us to witness this official conquering of her spirit. A thunderous applause arose from the empty pit of silence, triumphant applause from

• From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

  sagging. The carpet was frayed. The stale odor from the cigarettes Aunt Terry and Uncle Joe chain-smoked never seemed to clear completely from the grayish air. As a small child I had a habit of walking on my toes without realizing it, an idiosyncrasy my aunt particularly hated almost as much as she generally disliked me. In the early evenings before my Uncle Joe came home, she made me walk the length of the living room heel-to-toe with a clothespin fastened over my nose. I’d wait, keeping still with my head lifted toward her nicotine-stained fingers while she clipped the wooden pin on my nostrils, a cigarette dangling from her lips, limp brown hair framing her white, narrow face. “We may as well try and fix your nose. It’s too wide. Practice your walk.” I took a few steps toward the front door, careful to keep the soles of my feet close to the floor. When she felt satisfied with my obedience, she’d sit on the sofa, inhaling smoke deep into her lungs, then letting it seep out of her nose and lips in flat thin wisps. “I don’t want to see you on your toes tomorrow. Answer me when I’m talking to you, you little turd.” “Yes, ma’am.” The wooden pin pinched my skin and made it hard for me to breathe. I focused on my steps and the faded brown carpet. I’d walk until my aunt grew tired of watching me and wandered off in her thin, pink terrycloth robe, the fabric balding in patches, the flap and scrape of her slippers emitting a tired sound. The irony of her latent racism confused me. “You’re an ugly little nigger. Too black,” she often told me. Yet she’d married a man darker than I was. Because I’d experienced my mother’s love and my father’s and Alice’s care and fuss over me, Terry’s ailing mental health and the beatings she administered soon after I moved in never quite penetrated my essence. It was as if I had been emotionally inoculated. My aunt terrified me, yet I had the maturity to understand that she wasn’t well. Most days, Aunt Terry lived in her robe. Stagnation and boredom were advertised in the fat curlers she and other women in our

• From Lit: A Memoir (2009)

  The lighter pops, and he presses it to the end of his smoke. I have to admit, I say, I do feel better since I started taking Joan’s suggestions. As James goes to replug the cigarette lighter in the hole, you can see how—from his perspective—the hole keeps edging side to side to thwart him. His head sways a little as he jabs at the dashboard three or four times. Despite the lighter’s having gone cold, he presses it again to the end of his burning stogie, sending sparks all over his lap. Finally, he just drops the lighter in the ashtray like it belongs there. This, I think, is as drunk a motherfucker as I’ve ever seen, fixing to steer the car I’m in. As a kid, I was trained to give the shitfaced room. Small white droplets of rain tap on the windshield when a knock on the back car door makes me startle. In climbs big-footed David, red bandana around his head, along with a guy from our group named Jack. Jack of the red curly hair, skittery-eyed Jack, who—on being introduced to me first—explained that he had a little touch of the schizophrenia, as he held index finger one inch from thumb. Mostly he stays medicated enough to hold down a job at the box factory. But he once showed up to arrange chairs with tinfoil over his head molded into a knight’s helmet with a kind of swan shape on top, convinced his girlfriend was beaming messages to him through the radio. It’s a tribute to the radical equality of the room that I never overheard anybody ever challenge the reasoning. We say our hellos, David inquiring after my son and Joan. Then everybody sits in unwieldy silence. I keep waiting for another passenger to ask where the hell the gin is, and when they don’t, I convince myself I don’t smell it. Paranoid—jeez. But then I look at the cigarette lighter lolling in the vast ashtray and wonder. Jack says, I have a Tab I’d like to open, but I don’t have enough to share around. We all tell him go ahead. About that time, a whoosh of damp air sweeps in as another trench-coated lawyer, Gerry, swings open the back door. He squeezes Jack in the middle with his knees up, and he’s holding the Tab like a bazooka he’s about to fire off. I strap on my seat belt. At intervals, streetlights flash across James, who squints at the road like a pilot trying to feel his plane toward a fogged runway, and to his credit, he drives slow enough. Ultimately, we halt alongside a whitewashed church. Stepping out, I see enough tilted motorcycles to ferry a whole clubhouse full of Hells Angels. The crowd out front is mostly ponytailed guys in leather jackets and vests and black chaps. Chains hang off their belt loops, and each foot is shod in a storm trooper’s boot. I spy nary a female.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  περιδείδω, fut. --δείσομαι: aor. I περιέδεισα, in Hom. (only in II.) always in Ep. forms περίδδεισαν, περιδδείσασα, etc.: pf. περιδέδοικα, Ep. “περιδείδια Hom. To be in great fear or dread about, c. gen., αἰνῶς γὰρ Δαναῶν π. Il. 10. 93, cf. 17. 240; ο. dat. to be in great fear for, ᾿Αθήνη πᾶσι περιδδείσασα θεοῖσι 15. 1233 Αἴαντι περιδδείσαντες 23. 822; τῷ ῥα περίδδεισαν τι. 508 ; ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ περιδείδια, μή τι πάθῃσιν 17. 2423 περιδδείσασ᾽ ᾿Αχιλῆι, μὴ .. 21. 328:—c. inf. to fear greatly to do, Ap. Rh. 2. 1203 ; 6. acc., γαλέην περιδείδια Batr. 51. περίδεινος, ον, f.1. for περίδινος, Hesych. περιδευπνέω, to cause one to eat a funeral feast, LXX (2 Regg. 3. 35): —Med. 2ο enjoy as a feast, Artemid. 4. 81. περίδειπνον, τό, a funeral feast, Dem. 321. 25: Menand. ’Opy. 3; τὸ π. τοῦ βίου λαμπρὸν ποιῶ Anaxipp. Ἔγκαλ. is περίδειρον, τό, (δειρή) the circumference of the ee Poll. 2. 135. περιδέξιος, ov, with two right hands, i.e. Using both hands alike, Lat. ambidexter, Il. 21. 163 :—where περιδέξιος i is used for ἀμφιδέξιος, metri grat.; for, though περί has in the main the same sense with ἀμφί, yet this is the only compd. in which it has the notion of doubleness proper to ἀμφί, Buttm. Lexil. 5.ν. ἀμφίς 111; of a slave, Anth. P. 12. 247 — Adv. —iws, Philostr. 511. 2. very dexterous or expert, λόγοι Ar. Nub. 949; ἀνήρ Synes. 37 A. 8. convenient, Opp. C. 1. 114, 454. IL. going round the right arm: hence περιδέξιον, τό, an armlet for the right arm, LXX (Ex. 35. 22, Isai. 3. 21). II. περιδεξι ὅτης — περιεκτικός. περιδεξιότης, ητος, 7, equal dexterity with both hands, Anna Comn. περιδέραιος, ov, (Spy) passed round the neck, ὁ π. κόσμος Plut. Galb. 17; στέφανος Id. 2. 647 E, cf. Jac. Ach. Tat. p. 519. 11. περι- δέραιον, τό, a necklace, Ar. Fr. 309. 5, Arist. Poét. 16, 3, Plut. Sertor. 14, Lue. Pisc. 12, etc. mepidepts, ίδος, 7, a necklace, Poll. 2. 235., 5. 58. περιδέρκομαι, poét. for περιβλέπω, Anth. P. 5. 289, Nonn. Ὁ. 22. 58. περιδέρω, to flay off all round, τὸ δέρμα Galen. περίδεσις, ews, 7, a tying round, Muson. ap. Stob. p. 18. extr. περιδεσμεύω, to tie round, Schol. Ar. Eccl. 118, 319: also -δεσμέω, Geop. 17. 19, 3, Jo. Chrys. περιδέσμιος, ov, tied round, Nonn. D. 48. 142. mepiSeopos, 6, a band, belt, girdle, Aristaen. 1. 25. περιδεύω, to wet all round, Byz. περιδέω, fut. -δήσω, to bind, tie round or on, Twi τι Hdt. 1. 193, Ar. Eccl. 127 :—Med. to bind round oneself, περισφύριον περιδέεται Ἡ αἴ. 4. 176; τὴν wav π. περὶ τὴν ὀσφύν Hermipp. Στρατ. 6 ; λόφον, πώγωνα, στεφάνους π. Ar. Ran. 1038, Eccl. 100, 122 ; of pugilists, ἀντὲ ἱμάντων σφαίρας περιεδούμεθα Plat. Legg. 830 B, cf. Plut. 2. 825 E. 2. to bind round, bandage with a thing, πόδα ἱμᾶσι Hipp. Fract. 760; dpay- | viois Arist. H. A. 9. 39, 4.

• From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

  stranger mom’s hand as we walked across a desolate street to a large, rundown building. Trash fluttered across the sandy, cracked sidewalks. The air was cold and laced with the salty scent of the nearby ocean. Only later would I learn that we’d stayed at the old Casa Del Mar Hotel, owned by the Synanon community in Santa Monica, California. We entered the hotel through double doors into a dimly lit foyer. The carpet, faded and old, displayed an obsolete grandeur. We went up a short, winding staircase to a vast room. A single massive strobe light hung from the high ceiling. Most of the other lights were out, and a few people, bald like my mother and her friend and dressed in overalls, moved about the room, tidying up. “Sit here,” my mother said, guiding me to one of the long wooden picnic tables and benches that took up the middle of the room. “I’ll be right back.” I did what I was told, watching as she hurried to the shadowy perimeter of the room and disappeared around a corner. Minutes later an overall-clad woman approached me with a bowl of red Jell-O. “Here you go,” she said. I perked up, took a bite, then set down the spoon in surprise. An acrid bitterness had flooded my taste buds, my first taste of a dessert made with saccharine, a popular sweetener in the commune. I pushed away the bowl and waited for my mother to return. Some parents who found it difficult to negotiate with their ex-spouses and other relatives resorted to kidnapping. My weekend visit in Riverside with my mother’s brother, Danny, had been part of a Kidsnatcher plot, which her brother had agreed to go along with. I was taken on a Friday night, but my father would not learn of my abduction for two days. Sunday evening he received a call from my aunt Terry, who was in hysterics. “Celena’s gone, Jim. She’s gone.” And that was all my father could get out of her for the first minute or so. “What do you mean ‘she’s gone’?” he said. “Someone took Celena?”

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  ptyéw, Pind. N. 5.91: fut.—now Il. 5. 351: aor. ἐρρίγησα, Ep. ῥίγησα, Hom. :—pf. (with pres. sense) éppiya, Dor. 3 pl. ἐρρίγαντι Theocr. τό. 773 Ep. subj. ἐρρίγῃσι 1]. 3. 353; Ep. dat. part. ἐρρίγοντι (for ἐρριγότι) Hes. Sc. 228; plqpf. ἐρρίγειν Od. 23. 216. (From the same Root come ply-0s, ply-toy, ῥίγ-ιστος, pry-dw, ῥιγ-ηλός, ῥιγ-εδανός : the Lat. frig-us, Srig-eo, frig-idus shew that the Root prob. was FPII’, so that perh. φρίσσω, φρίξ, φρίκη are akin:—the connexion of O.H.G. frius-au (to Jreeze), etc., is doubted, and that with rigeo, rigidus rejected, by Curt.) Properly, to shiver or shudder with cold (cf. pryéw); but in this sense not till after Hom., who only has it metaph. to skudder with fear or horror, ἰδὼν ῥίγησε 1]. 5. 596, etc.; ἐρρίγησαν ὅπως ἴδον 12. 208 ; so, of δὲ πάρθενοι ῥίγησαν (the augm. being omitted in an iambic verse) Soph. O. Ὁ. 1607 :—c. inf. to shudder to do, shrink from doing, ὄφρα τις ἐρρίγῃσι .. ξεινοδόχον κακὰ ῥέξαι 1]. 3. 353, cf. 7. 1145 cf. ἀπορριγέω ;—foll. by a relat. clause, θυμὸς ἐρρίγει μὴ... Od. 23. 216. 2. like Lat. frigere, to cool or slacken in zeal, Pind. N. 5. gl. 3. in Theocr. l.c., Φοίνικες .. ἐρρίγαντι prob. means bristle with arms. ITI. trans. to shudder at anything, ῥιγήσειν πόλεμον ΤΙ. 5. 251; ἔρριγα μάχην 17.175; in 16. 119, ῥίγησέν τε is best taken parenthetically. ptynAds, ἡ, dv, making to shiver, chilling, dioroi Hes. Sc. 131; so in Nic. Al. 220, etc.; of persons, Poéta ap. Suid. Adv. —A@s, Poll. 5. 111. ῥίγιον, Comp. neut. Adj. formed from fryos, more frosty, colder, ποτὶ ἕσπερα p. ἔσται Od. 17. Igl. 11. metaph. more horrible or miserable, τό of καὶ p. ἔσται Il. 1. 325, cf. 563., 11. 405; τὸ δὲ ῥ. ἔσται ..ddryea πάσχειν Od. 20. 220; κακῆς οὐ ῥ. ἄλλο Hes. Op. 701; cf. Simon. Iamb, 7—The masc. ῥιγίων seems not to occur, ῥίγιστος, ἡ, ov, Sup. Adj. formed from ῥῖγος (as κύδιστος from Kvdos), coldest: most horrible, ῥίγιστα θεοὶ τετληότες εἰμέν Il. 5.873; Ζεὺς ῥίγιστος ἀλιτροῖς Ap. Rh. 2. 215; ὃ δὴ ῥίγιστον ὄδωδε Poéta ap. Plut. 2. 55 A. ῥιγίτανον, τό, name of a plant, Geop. 12. I. ῥιγνός, 7, dv, =prxvds, Hesych. :—fryvoopar, = ῥικνόομαι, 4. ν. 2. that can ᾧ ῥῖγο-μάχης, or -χος, ov, 6, fighting with cold, Anth. P. ΤΙ, 155. 48 1362 ῥῖγο-πύρετος, 6, a fever with shivering fits, ague, Galen.; also ῥιγο- πύρετον, τό, A.B. 42; and Dim. -τίον, τό, Hesych. ptyos, cos, τύ, (v. pryéw) frost, cold, Od. 5. 472, Hdt. 6. 44, and Att. ; ὑπὸ λιμοῦ καὶ ῥίγους Plat. Euthyphro 4D; λιμῷ καὶ ῥίγει μαχόμενος Xen. Cyr. 6. 1, τά; pl., ῥίγη καὶ θάλπη Id. Occ. 7, 23. 2. a shiver- ing from cold, Plat. Tim. 62 B: also a shivering fit, as in ague, Hipp. Vet. Med. 15, Aph. 1250; ῥίγεα πυρετὠδη Id. Fract. 774.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  Plat. Rep. 450 E, Lege. 688 B; σφ. τὸ ἐπιχειρῆσαι Xen. Hell. 2. 1, 2. II. (σφάλλομαι) ready to fall, tottering, reeling, staggering, κῶλα Aesch. Eum. 371; ῥῦμα Soph. Aj. 159; op. πρὸς ὑγίειαν ἕξις un- certain in point of health, Plat. Rep. 404 A. III. of persons, where the sense often fluctuates between I and 11, ἔχνεσι σφαλεροί Nic. Al. 189, cf. 800; σφ. σύμμαχοι tottering, uncertain, Dem. 11. 3; προσ- τάτης op. Poéta ap. Stob. t. 43. 3.—Adv. —p@s, Pseudo-Eur. I. A. 601, Isocr. 104 A. opadrcporns, 770s, 7, delusiveness, uncertainty, Byz. σφᾶλίζω, to fetter, Hesych., Phot. II. to shut up, close, τὰ λουτρά, τὸ στόμα, Byz. σφαλλός or σφαλός, 6, a round leaden plate, which was thrown by a strap attached to a ring, a variety of the δίσκος, Hesych., Poll. 8. 72. II. a round block of wood with two holes for the feet, a pair of stocks, Epich. ap. Ath. 36 Ὁ (vulg. σφάκελος), Hesych., Poll.: cf. σφέλας. σφάλλω: fut. σφᾶάλῶ, Thuc. 7. 67, Plat.: aor. 1 ἔσφηλα, Ep. σφῆλα Od.17. 464,Dor. ἔσφᾶλα Pind. Ο. 2.145: pf. ἔσφαλκα Polyb.:—Pass., fut. σφάλήσομαι Soph. Tr. 719, 1113, Thuc., etc.; often in med. form σφαλοῦμαι Soph. Fr. 513, Xen. Symp. 2, 26: aor. ἐσφάλην [ἃ] Hat. and Att.; ἐσφάλθην only in Galen.: pf. ἔσφαλμαι Eur. Andr. 897, Plat.: plqpf. ἔσφαλτο Thuc. 7. 47.—The aor. 2 act. and med., ἔσφᾶλον, πόμην, used by very late writers, has been introduced by copyists into Thuc. I. 140., 5. 110., 6. 23, etc. (From 4/2PAA come also σφάλ- pa, σφαλ-ερός, ἀ-σφαλ-ής, also σφηλ-ός (ἔ-σφηλ-α), ἐρί-σφηλτ-ος : cf. Skt. sphal, sphul, sphal-ami, sphul-ami (vacillo, concutio) ; Lat. fall-o, fall-ax, etc.; O. H.G. fall-an ( fall-en, fehlen; to fall, fail); the s being dropped, as in φηλός, φηλητής, φηλόω, Lat. funda -- σ-φενδόνη, fungus =opoyyos.) To make to fall, throw down, overthrow, pto- perly by tripping up (pedes fallere, Liv. 21. 36), to trip up in wrestling, οὔτ᾽ ᾿Οδυσεὺς δύνατο σφῆλαι οὔδει τε πελάσσαι 1]. 23. 719; οὐδ᾽ ἄρα μιν σφῆλεν βέλος Od. 17. 464; σφ. “Ἕκτορα Pind. O. 2.145; ἀλλάλως σφάλλοντι παλαίσμασι Theocr. 24. 110; of. ἵππους Eur. Hipp. 1232; σφ. γόνυ τινός Id. Heracl. 129; σφ. τινὰ γνύξ Ap. Rh. 3.13103; ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν Diod. 14. 23; αἱ πόσεις σφ. σώματα Xen. Cyr. 8. 8, Io, cf. 1. 3,10: -π-τ-σφ. ναῦς to throw her on her beam-ends, Plut. Them. 14, Polyaen. 3. 11, 13 :—immos σφ. τὸν ἀναβάτην throws him, Xen. Eq. 3, g :—Pass. to be tripped up, Φρυνίχου παλαίσμασιν Ar. Ran. 689; of a drunken man, σφαλλόμενος προσέρχεται reeling, staggering, Id. Vesp. 1324; σφ. ὑπὸ οἴνου Xen. Lac.5, 7; σφ. ἵππος Plut. Philop. 18; σφ. ἱππεύς is thrown, Xen. Eq. 7, 7. II. generally, to cause to fall, overthrow, defeat, Bia σφάλλει καὶ μεγάλαυχον Pind. P. 8. 19; ἀνθρώπων κακῶν ὁμιλίαι σφ. τινά Hdt. γ. τό, τ; σμικροὶ λόγοι ἔσφηλαν ἤδη καὶ κατώρθωσαν βροτούς Soph. ΕἸ. 416; σφάλλω... ὅσοι φρονοῦσι μέγα Eur. Hipp. 6; ὀργὴ πλεῖστα σφ. βροτούς Id. Fr.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  MTLTTHS, οὔ, 6, ν. sub πτισάνης. πτιστικός, 7, Ov, fitted for winnowing, πτιστικὸν τερετίζειν (cf, πτι- opos), Phryn. Com. Kwp. 2. πτόα, and (but not Att.) πτοία, Ep. πτοίη Opp., etc., 7: (πτοέω) :-— abject fear, terror, fright, Tim. Locr. 103 B, Erotian. ; in pl., Polyb. 1. 50. τὰς, 1. 68, 6; etc. II. passionate excitement, wr. εἰς ἀφροδίσια, περὶ τὰ ap. Ael. N. A. το. 27, Porph. Abst. 1. 54; v. Wytt. Plut. 2. 83 D. IIL. --πταρμύς. Hesych.—On the forms, cf. Lob. Phryn. 495. πτοἄλέος, Ep. πτοιαλέος, a, ov, scared, Opp. H. 3. 41, Eust. Opuse. 4. 96. ote also πτοιέω : fut. now: Ep. aor. ἐπτοίησα :—Pass., Ep. aor. ἐπτοιήθην : pf. ἐπτόημαι, Ep. ἐπτοίημαι. To terrify, scare, Call. Del. 101, Anth. P. 7. 214 :—Pass. to be scared, dismayed, φρένες ἐπτοίηθεν Od. 22. 298 ; ἐξ ὕπνου κέκραγεν ἐπτοημένη Aesch. Cho. 535 ; ἐπτοημένας δεινοῖς δράκουσιν by serpents, Eur. El. 1255 ; ἔβαλλε χεῖρας ἐπτοημένας Id. Tro. 559; ἐπτ. ἐπὶ τοῖς ἠγγελμένοις Polyb. 31. 19, 4. 11. metaph. fo flutter, excite by any passion, τό μοι καρδίαν .. ἐπτόασεν Sappho 2.6; τῆς δὲ φρένας ἐπτοίησεν Κύπρις Ap. Rh. τ. 1232, cf. Poéta ap. Parthen. 21 :—Pass. tobe in a flutter, be passionately excited, Theogn. 1012, or rather Mimnerm. 5. 2 (where there is also a collat. notion of fear), cf. Merrick. Tryph. 361 ; ἐπτοημένοι φρένας Aesch. Pr. 856; ws ἐπτόηται Eur. Bacch. 214, cf. I. A. 1029; ἐπτοάθης ἔρωτι Pseudo-Eur. I. A. 587; πτοιηθεὶς ὑπ᾽ ἔρωτι Call. Dian. 191; τὸ περὶ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας μὴ ἐπτοῆσθαι Plat. Phaedo 68 C, cf. Rep. 439 Ὁ ; περὶ τὴν ὀχείαν Arist. Η. A. 9. 8, 11, cf. 6. 18, 2; περὶ τὰ ὄψα Plut. 2. 1128 Β ; εἰς γυναῖκας Luc. Amor. 5; ἐπὶ τὸ νέον Ib. 23; ἐπὶ γυναικί Parthen. 4; πρὸς τὰς αἶγας Plut. 2. 989 A; τὴν γνώμην πρὸς τὸν πόλεμον Id. Sull. 7 :-- generally, to be distraught, μέθ᾽ ὁμήλικας ἐπτοίηται he gapes like one distraught after his fellows, Hes. Op. 449 ; τὸ πτοηθέν distraction, Eur. Bacch. 1269. (Perhaps as 4/IITA becomes HITAK (vy. sub πτήσσω), so 4/1ITO in πτοέω becomes IITOK in πτώὠσσω.) πτόησις or πτοίησις, ews, 7, any vehement emotion, passionate ex- citement, Plat. Prot. 310 D; περί τι Id. Symp. 206D; % τοῦ σώματος mr. Id. Crat. 404 A; cf. Arist. G. A. 4.5, 9, Clearch. ap. Ath. 670 Ὁ. πτοητός or πτοιητός, 77, Ov, scared away, Nic. Al. 243, Maxim. 7. κατ. 164. πτοίᾶ, πτοιᾶλέος, πτοιέω, πτοίησις, πτοιητός, Vv. sub πτο--. πτοῖος, ὁ, --πτοία, πτόα, only in Hesych. πτοιώδηϑκ. ες, v. sub πτοώδης. Πτολεμαϊκός, 4, ὄν, of or from Ptolemy, Strab. 118, Poll. 9. 85; Πτολεμαϊκά, τά, Ptolemaics, a name of coins, C.I. 15706, 39, 40:— Trodepaetov, τό, a place at Rhodes sacred to Ptolemy, Diod. 20. 100.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  ῥιγόω: fut. -wow Xen. Mem. 2. 1, 17, Ep. inf. -σέμεν Od. 14. 481:— aor. épptywoa Hipp. 1073 H, (év-) Ar. Pl. 846 :—pf. ἐρρίγωκα Theophr. Ign. 74 (acc. to Mss.).—This word, like ἱδρόω, has an irreg. contr. into ὦ, w, for ov, οἱ, as 3 sing. subj. pry@ Plat. Gorg. 517 Ὁ, Phaedo 85 A (where the MSs. fryot); opt. ῥιγῴη Hipp. 337. 34, Plut. 2. 233 A; inf. ῥιγῶν Ar. Ach. 1146, Vesp. 446, Av. 935 (though ῥιγοῦν is a v. 1. Id. Nub. 442, cf. Plat. Rep. 440 C, Xen. Cyr. 5.1, 10); part. fem. ῥιγῶσα Simon. Iamb. 6. 26; acc. ῥιγῶντα Crates ToAp. τ. Like pryéw 1, to be cold, shiver from frost or cold, Od. 14. 481, Hdt. 5. 92, 7, Hipp. Vet. Med. 15, Aér. 282, and Att. ; though often the forms may belong either to this or to pryéw, as ῥιγῶν τε καὶ πεινῶν Ar. Ach. 857, cf. Nub. 416, Plat. Gorg. 517 D. plyadns, es, chilly, accompanied by shivering, Hipp. Coac. 219, Galen. plywors, ἡ, a shivering, Achmes Onir. ΤΟΙ.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  στελμονίαι --- στενοχώρησις. tueful, A. B. 62. 4. also in Med. ¢o shrink, flinch from a thing, οὔτ᾽ ἂν ἀπόσχοιντο ὧν ἐπιθυμέουσιν, οὔτε στείλαιντο Hipp. Vet. Med. το ; στελλόμενοι τοῦτο avoiding this, 2 Ep. Cor. 8. 20. oteApoviar, ai, broad belts put round dogs when used to hunt wild beasts, Xen. Cyn. 6, 1:—Hesych. has also στέλμα -- στέφος. στεμβάζω, =sq., Hesych. ; aor. inf. -aéa, E. M. 158. 37. στέμβω, to shake about, agitate, Aesch. Fr. 412: to misuse, handle roughly, Eust. 235. 8. (From 4/2TEMB or 2TEM®, cf. ἀ-στεμφ- hs, στέμφ-υλον, Skt. stambh, stabh-némi, stabh-nami (fulcio, innitor), stambh-as (postis); O.H.G. stamph (pilum), stamph-6n (stampfen, stamp) ; af ZTIB, στείβω is prob. akin, as is indicated by στέμφυλον and the Teut. words cited.) στέμμα, τό, (στέφω) mostly in pl. (sing. in Il. 1. 28, Ar. Pax 498), a wreath, garland, chaplet, esp. of the suppliant’s laurel-wreath, wound round a staff, στέμματ᾽ ἔχων ἐν χερσὶ... χρυσέῳ ἀνὰ σκήπτρῳ Il. τ. 14, 272; σκῆπτρον καὶ στ. θεοῖο Ib. 28, cf. Eur. Andr, 804 ; sometimes worn on the head, στέμμασι πυκασθείς Hdt. 7.197; στ. ἐπὶ τῶν κεφα- λῶν ἐχούσας Plat. Rep. 617 Ο; Φοῖβος ἔλακεν ἐκ τῶν στεμμάτων from shrine with chaplets decked, Ar. Pl. 39, cf. Eur. Ion 1310, Thuc. 4. 133: στ. πάλας, as a prize, Epigr. Gr. 247; στέμματ᾽ ᾿Ολυμπιάδων Ib. 881, etc.; 6 ἐπὶ στεμμάτων, cf. στέφανος II. 2. 2. the Schol. Soph. O. T. 3 says the στέμματα were wreaths of wool wound round the olive- branch; hence στέμματα ξαίνειν, Eur. Or, 12. II. in Plut. Num. 1, στέμματα --Ἰ Αἱ. stemmata (Juven. 8.1, Plin. N. H. 35. 2), pedigrees, family-trees. 2. so oréupa=a guild, Ο. 1. 3995 ὃ; Ξε φυλή, Ib. 9897. στεμμᾶτη-φόρος, ov, decked with a wreath, Tzetz. Hist. 1. 4473; so στεμματιαῖος, a, ov, Hesych., A. B. 305. στεμμᾶτίας, ov, ὁ, one who wears a wreath, of Apollo, Paus. 3. 20, 9. στεμμάτιον, τό, Dim. of στέμμα, Gloss. στεμματο-φόρος, ov, wearing a garland, Ptol. Τοῖτ, 176; —popéw, Tzetz. στεμμᾶτόω, to furnish with a wreath or chaplet, Eur. Heracl. 529. στεμφῦλίς, (Sos, ἡ, dub. 1. for στεμφυλῖτις, Ath. 56 C. στεμφύὕλίτης [1], ov, 6, fem. -itis, wos, made from grapes already pressed, τρύγες στεμφυλίτιδες wine made in this way, Lat. Jora, Hipp. 359. 8., 497. 8.—Also στεμφυλίας, 6, Hesych. 5. v. λάκυρος. στέμφὕλον, τό, (στέμβω) a mass of olives from which the oil has been pressed, olive-cake, Lat. fraces (from frango), Ar. Eq. 806; but mostly in pl., Hipp. Acut. 395, Ar. Nub. 46 (ubi v. Schol.), Fr. 345; λιπῶσι στεμφύλοις Phryn. Com. Ποαστρ. 1, cf. Androcl. ap. Arist. Rhet. 2. 23, 22, Ath. 56 Ὁ. If. in pl. also, a mass of pressed grapes, Lat. floces, Hipp. 485. 39., 523. 29, Lyc. 678; σταφυλῆς στέμφυλα Arist. Fr. 102.—The former sense is said to be that of the Att. writers, Phryn. 405. otévaypa, τό, a sigh, groan, moan, Soph. O. T. 5, Eur. Or. 1326, Heracl. 478, Ar. Eccl. 367, etc.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  ing into.., Il. 21. 14:—then of men, τί πτώσσεις; 4. 371, Tis Tot ἀνάγκη πτώσσειν.. ΠΕ OSA"; πτώσσοντας ὑφ᾽ Ἕκτορι 7.129; κατὰ λαύρας... πτώσσοντι Pind. P. 8. 124; εἰς ἐρημίαν πτ. to flee cowering into.., Eur. Bacch. 223 (cf. πτήσσωλ :---πτ. im ἀσπίδος to crouch beneath it, without any notion of fear, Tyrtae. 2. 36 :—poét. Verb, used once by Hat. , εὑρεῖν τινας πτώσσοντας 9. 48,1. 2. to 80 cower. ing or cringing about: like a beggar, to go begging (hence πτωχός), πτώσ- σων κατὰ δῆμον Od. 17. 227., 18. 363; c. acc. loci, ἀλλοτρίους οἴκους πτώσσειν Hes. Op. 393. II. ς. acc. pers., οὐδ᾽ ἔτι ἀλλήλους πτώσσοιμεν let us no longer 7166 from one another, Il. 20. 427; ποῖ καί με φυγᾷ πτώσσουσι .. ; whither have they fled for fear of me? Eur. Hec. 1065. πτωτικός, 7, OV, (πτῶσιΞ) of a case, capable of inflexion, Sext. Emp. M. 8. 84, Diog. L. 7.58; az. σχῆμα, when several cases of the same Noun follow one another, Walz Rhett. 5. 451. πτωτός, 7, dv, apt to fall, fallen, Hdn. π. μον. λέξ. p. 38, Hesych. πτωχ-ἄλαζών, 6, ἡ, a braggart beggar, of Midas, Phryn. Com. ’Emaaz. 4, cf, Ath. 230 C. πτωχεία, Ion. --ἴίη, ἢ, (πτωχεύω) beggary, mendicity, ἐς πτωχηίην ἀπῖχθαι Hdt. 3. 14; εἰς ἐσχάτην πτ. ἐλθεῖν Plat. Legg. 936 Β; εἰς ar. καταστῆναι Lys. 898.9 Reisk.; in pl., Plat. Rep. 618 A; proverb., πτωχείας πενία ἀδελφή Ar. Pl. 549. πτωχεῖον, τό, a poorhouse, E. M. 187. 22, Byz. πτωχ-ελένη, ἡ, a beggar-Helen, i.e. a prostitute, Ath. 585 B πτωχεύω, fut. cw: Ion. impf. πτωχεύεσκον Od. 18. 2:—to be a beggar, go begging, beg. mpos ἄστυ, ἀνὰ δῆμον Od. 15. 309., 19. 73, cf. Tyrtae. eas ‘Ar. Nub. ΟΖΙ, etc.; ἐπὶ ξενίας Antipho 117. 22. 2. to be as poor as a beggar, Antiph. Incert. 83, Plat. Eryx. 394 B. 3. 77. τινός to beg for, be poor in a thing, Eccl.; metaph., 77. τὴν διάνοιαν Io. Chrys. II. trans. to get by begging, δαῖτα Od. 17. 11, 19. 9... Ὁ; ΔδΟΣ perce to beg or ask an alms of, φίλους Theogn. 918. πτωχηίη., Ion. for πτωχεία. πτυωχίζω, fut. iow, to make a beggar of, beggar, LXX (1 Regg. 2. 7). πτωχικός, 7, Ov, of or fit for a beggar, beggarly, στολή Eur. Rhes. 503, Lycurg. 158. 35; ἐπιθυμίαι Plat. Rep. 554B; ar. βακτήριον a beggar’s staff, Ar. Ach. 448; ὀνόματα mr. fit for beggars, Luc. Hist. Conscr. 22. πτωχίστεροϑβ. V. sub πτωχός. πτωχο-γνωμοσύνη, ἡ, avarice, Byz. πτωχο- -δοχεῖον, τό, (δέχομαι) a poorhouse (Ὁ). πτωχό-κομπος, ov, boasting of beggary, Byz. πτωχό-μουσος, ον, Arist. Rhet. 3. 3, I quotes m7. κόλαξ from Gorgias, as a frigid expression: the sense is dub.; perhaps diving (or rather starv- ing) by his wit. 2 πτωχό-νοια, 7, poverty of mind, Eccl. πτωχο-ποιός, ov, drawing beggarly characters, of a poet, Ar. Ran, 842. 2. making poor, δικαιοσύνη Plut. comp. Aristid. c. Cat. 3.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  πτύρομαι [Ὁ], aor. 2 ἐπτύρην [Ὁ] : Pass.: (v. sub mraipa). To be scared or frightened, Hipp. 600. 35, Plut., etc.: properly of horses, to shy, start, Diod. 2. 19, Plut. Fab. 3; τινὶ at a thing, Id. Marcell. 6, Id. 2. 800C; πρός τι Philo Bybl. ap. Eus. P.E. 34 A; c. acc., πτυρῆναι τὸν θάνατον to start at, be alarmed at death, Plat. Ax. 370 A. II. Causal in Act., o scare, πτύραντες τοὺς ἀμαθεῖς ὄχλους Homil. Clem. 2. 39. reupeien 7. Ov, timorous, ἵπποι Arist. Mirab. 169, Strab. 263, Eust. ad Dion. P. 373. πτύσις [Ὁ], ἡ, (πτύων a spitting, αἵματος Hipp. Aph. 1248, Arist. Phys. 7. 2,5, etc. 2. -- πτύσμα, Id. H.A. το. 3, 8. πτύσμα, τό, (πτύων) spittle, in pl., Hipp. Aph. 1253, cf. 184 B, 390. 55, Polyb. 8.14, 5. 1342 πτυσμός, ὁ, --πτύσις, Hipp. 1216 F. πτύσσω, (dva—-) Soph. Fr. 284: fut. πτύξω (dva-) Eur. H. F. 1256: aor. ἔπτυξα Hom., etc.:—Med., Hom.,etc.: fut. πτύξομαι (προσ--) Hom.: aor. ἐπτυξάμην Ar. Nub. 267 :—Pass., Hom.: aor. ἐπτύχθην (av—, δι-} Xen. Cyr. 7. 5, 5, Soph. Ant. 709; also aor. 2 ἐπτύγην [Ὁ]. (ἀν-) Hipp. 558. 28: pf. ἔπτυγμαι App., etc., (dv—) Eur. El. 357; also πέπτυκται Arist. H. A. 4.9, 10: plqpf. ἔπτυκτο (προσ-Ὁ Pind. I. 2. 56. (If akin to πυκινός, πυκνός, the orig. Root must have been IIYK, afterwards strengthd. and aspirated ΠΤΎΧ, whence πτύξ (πτυχ-ός). πτυχ-ή.) To fold, double up, χιτῶνα, εἵματα πτύξαι to fold up garments, and put them by, Od. 1. 439., 6. III, 252; of a bandage, Hipp. Fract. 758; χεῖρας πτύξαι ἐπί τινι to fold one’s arms over or round anothér, Soph. O.C. 1611; βιβλίον mr. to fold or close a book, Ev. Luc. 4. 20. II. Pass. to be folded, doubled up, ἔγχεα δ᾽ ἐπτύσσοντο 1]. 13. 134; γραμματεῖα ἐπτυγμένα Hdn. 1.17; πύργοι ἐπτ. (v. πτυκτός 2), App. Civ. 4. 72. 2. to fold or cling round, χιτὼν... ἀμφὶ μηρὸν πτύσ- σεται Soph. Fr. 701. III. Med. to fold round oneself, wrap round one, Tt Ar. Nub. 267. πτύσχλοι or πτύχλοιυ, of, ν. sub ἕπτυσχλοι. TTOXN, ἡ, post- -Hom. form of πτύξ, q.v. πτύχιον, τό, --πτυκτίον, Zenob. 5. 82, Arcad. 119. 9, etc. πτύχιος, a, ον, Ξεπτυκτός, E. Μ. 64. 28. πτῦχίς. ίδος, 7, ν. πτύξ 111. πτὐχώδηξ, es, in folds or layers, Arist. H.A. 5. 7,2

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  πτήσσω, Ar. Vesp. 1490, Xen.:—fut. πτήξω Anth. P. 12. 141, Or. Sib. :—aor. ἔπτηξα Att., Dor. érraga Pind. P. 4. 101, Ep. πτῆξα Hom. : an aor. 2 ἔπτἄκον appears in the compd. καταπτακών Aesch, Eum. 252 ; and an Ep. 3 dual καταπτήτην in Il. 8. 136 :—pf. ἔπτηχα Isocr. g4 A, (κατ--) Lycurg. 153. 1, Dem. 42. 21; later (if correct) ἔπτηκα (κατ-) Themist. 309 B; Ep. part. πεπτηώς, ὦτος (which is also pf. part. of πίπτω, cf, κατα--. προσ--, ὑποπτήσσω). (The 4/IITA appears in κατα- πτή-την, 4 UITAK in κατα-πτακ-ών, πτήξω, πτάξ, πτἄκ-ός, etc.: a longer A UTOK in πτώσσω (πτώὠώξω), πτὠξ, πτωκ-ός.) I. Causal, to frighten, scare, alarm, Lat. terrere, πτῆξε θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ᾿Αχαιῶν Il. 14. 40; ἐχθροὺς πτῆξαι Theogn. 1015 ; cf. ἐκπτήσσω :—but, ζυγὸν mr. to make a yoke dreaded, Paul. 8. Ecphr. 1. 26. II. intr. ¢o crouch or cower down for fear (cf. πτώσσω), properly of animals, ἅτε πτηνῶν ἀγέλαι τάχ᾽ ἂν... πτήξειαν ἄφωνοι Soph. Aj. 171; mr. δέμας Aesch. Pers. 209; πῶλος πτ. αἰσχύναισιν Soph. Fr. 587, cf. Ar. Av. 777 ;—then of human beings, ἔπταξαν ἀκίνητοι σιωπᾷ Pind. P. 4. 100 ; ὑπὸ φόβῳ mr. Eur. Bacch. 1036; πτῆξαι ταπεινήν Id. Andr. 165 ; 77. θυμόν Soph. O. C. 1466; κακῶς πάσχων mT. Plat. Symp. 184 B; δοκεῖ μοι τοῦ αὐτοῦ ἀνδρὸς εἶναι, εὐτυχοῦντα ἐξυβρίσαι, καὶ πταίσαντα.. πτῆξαι Xen. Cyr. 3. 1, 26; ἐκς πόδων mr. Ar. Thesm. 36 ;—with Preps., πτ. ἐν μυχοῖς πέτρας Eur. Cycl. 408 ; εἰς ἕνα χῶρον Ar. Lys. 770, cf. Eur. Andr. 753; πόλις πρὸς πόλιν mr. Id. Supp. 269; βωμὸν ὕπο Id. H. F. 974; also c. acc. loci, mr. βωμόν to flee cowering to it, Id. Ion 1280. 2. to crouch like a wild beast ready to spring upon its prey, Id. Andr. 7533 6 λέων... ὁρώμενος .. οὐ mrnooe Arist. H. A. 9. 44, 33 —so of men in ambush, ὑπὸ τεύχεσι πεπτηῶτες Od. 14. 474 :---ἐν χθονὲ πεπτηώς, in the grave, Simon. (?) 179. 3. rarely c. acc. rei, to crouch jor fear of .., ἀπειλάς Aesch. Pr. 175 ; δόρυ Lyc. 280, C. I. 6020; (in Xen. Cyr. 3. 3,18, the acc. may depend on φοβούμενοι) :—in the strange passage ταῖς διανοίαις μὴ πτήξαντες φόβον, Lycurg. 154. 9, φόβον must be taken as a cognate acc. ; cf. δέος. III. the Med. is dub. in Anth. P. 7. 626. πτητικός, 7, dv, ready or able to fly, winged, Arist. H. A. 2. 12, 11.» g. 8, 1, P. A. 2.13, 5, al. Adv. -#és, Plut. 2. 405 B. πτῖλο-βάφος, ov, (βάπτω) staining or dyeing feathers, Gloss.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  positive sense, Xen. Cyr. 3.1, 1; Φ. τόδε, ὅτι.. Thuc. 7. 67, cf. Plat. Gorg. 479 A; διὰ τοῦτο φ. τινας, ὅτι .. Isocr. 128 C; more rarely, φ. ὡς.. Xen. Cyr. 5. 2,12; φ. πῶς χρὴ .. Ib. 4.5, το; φ. εἰ δεήσει .. Moy (6) το τ. 4. c.inf., with the Art., φ. τὸ ἀποθνήσκειν = φ. θάνατον, Plat. Gorg. 522 E, etc.; but more commonly with inf. only, to fear to do, be afraid of doing, Aesch. Cho. 46, Soph. Aj. 254, Eur. Ion 628, Thuc., etc.; rarely with μή inserted, φ. μὴ ἐξοστρακισθῆναι Plut. Pericl. Te 5. c. acc. pers. fo stand in awe of, dread, fear, δαίμονας τοὺς ἐνθάδε Aesch. Supp. 893; στρατὸν ᾿Αργείων Soph. Ph. 1250; τοὺς ἄνω θεούς Plat. Legg. 927 A, cf. Isocr. 5 Β, etc.; τὰς κύνας Xen. Cyn. 5, 16; etc. 6. c. acc. rei, to fear or fear about a thing, βρόμον Aesch. Theb. 476; τὸ προσέρπον Soph. Aj.227; μέμψιν Eur. Alc. 1057; τὸ σῶμα Plat. Phaedr. 239 D; δουλείαν, δεσμόν, etc., Xen. Cyr. 3. 1, 24, etc.; v. supr. II. 3. 7. c. part., προδιδοὺς ἐφοβήθη Lycurg. 150. 6. Cf, δείδω throughout. φόβη, 7, a lock or curl of hair, Aesch. Cho. 188; βοστρύχων ἄκρας φόβας Soph. El. 449, cf.O.C. 1465; δρακόντων φόβαι, i.e. the Gorgon’s snaky locks, Pind. P. 1ο. 75. 2. the mane of a horse, Soph. Fr. 587. 7 and Io, Eur. Alc. 429, Bacch. 1186. II. metaph., like κόμη, Lat. coma, the tresses of trees, their leafage, foliage, Soph. Ant. 419, Eur. Alc. 172, Bacch. 684, etc.; ἔων φόβαι tufts of violets, Pind. Fr. 45. 16; εὐπέταλοι φόβαι Anth. P. 6. 1583 of the plumy heads of teed, Theophr. H. P. 8. 3, 4, cf. 4. 4, 10. (On its possible connexion with σόβη, v. Curt. Gr. Ez, no. 574.) φόβημα, τό, a terror, τινος to one, Soph. O. C. 699. Aquila V. T. φοβητέον, verb. Adj. of φοβέομαι, one must fear, Plat. Rep. 452 B, Legg. 891 A, etc. 2. poBnréos, a, ov, to be feared, Ib. 746 E. φοβητικός, 7, dv, liable to fear, fearful, timid, Arist. Pol. 8. 7, 5. φοβητός, 7, dv, to be feared, τινι Soph. Ph. 1154. φόβητρον, τό, a scarecrow, bugbear, terror, LXX (Isai. 19. 17); else- where always in pl. ¢errors, Hipp. 303. 16, Plat. Ax. 367 A, Ev. Luc. 21.11; Τισιφόνης τὰ φόβητρα, prob. Tragic masks of the Furies, Anth. P. 11. 189. ἘΠ νης ov, = ὑδροφόβος, like one bitten by a mad dog, Cael. Aurel, φοβο-ειδής, és, fearful, v. 1. in Pemp. ap. Stob. 461. 8. φοβο-θεΐα, ἡ, = δεισιδαιμονία, Hesych. φοβο-ποιέω, fo cause fear, Schol. Hes. Op. 1.

• From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

  Χχειμό-σποροξ, ov, sown in winter, Theophr. C. P. 4. 11, 1. χειμο-φὕγέω, to shun the winter or wintry weather, Strab. 35. χειμών, Ovos, ὃ, like χεῖμα, winter, opp. to θέρος, χειμῶνος δυσθαλπέος ds ῥά τε ἔργων ἀνθρώπους ἀνέπαυσεν 1]. 17. 549: χειμῶνι in winter, 21. 283, Soph. Ο. T. 1138; ἐν χειμῶνι Pind. I. 2. 62, Aesch. Ag. 969; ἐν τῷ x. Xen. Mem. 4. 3, 8, Cyr. 8. 8,17; χειμῶνος wpa Andoc. 18. 5:— also, χειμῶνος in winter-time, Xen. Mem. 3. 8, 9, Plat. Rep. 415 E; x. μέσου in mid-winter, Ar. Fr. 476.1; τοῦ x. in the course of the winter, Thue. 7. 31; τοῦ αὐτοῦ x. Id. 8. 30; so, διὰ χειμῶνος and διὰ τοῦ x. Plat. Tim. 74 C, Xen. Hell. 3. 2, 9; -- χειμῶνα during winter, Soph. O. T.1188; τὸν x. during the winter, Hdt. 3.117, Xen. An. 7. 6, 9, Hell. 1. 4,1; τὸν x. ὅλον Ar. Fr. 124; 6 ἀμφὶ τὸν x. χρόνος Xen. Cyr. 8. 6, 22:---ὄρος ἄβατον ὑπὸ χειμῶνος in consequence of the cold weather, Hadt. 8.138, cf. Thuc. 2. ΟῚ :—so in pl., νιφοστιβεῖς χειμῶνες Soph. Aj. 671; opp. to καύματα, Plat. Polit. 280 E, Legg. 829 B. 2. to denote the wintry quarter of the heavens, the north, Βορέας καὶ x. Hdt. 2. 20. IL. wintry weather, a winter-storm, and generally a storm, ἐπεὶ οὖν χειμῶνα φύγον καὶ ἀθέσφατον ὄμβρον Il. 3. 4; οὐ νιφετὸς οὔτ᾽ ap x. πολὺς οὔτε TOT ὄμβρος Od. 4. 566; ὅτε τις xX. ἔκ- παγλος Oporto 14. 522; ὀπωρινὸν ὄμβρον καὶ χειμῶν᾽ ἐπιόντα Hes. Op. 673; Γαιαόχος εὐδίαν ὄπασσεν ἐκ yx. Pind. I. 7 (6). 53; ὦρσε θεὸς χειμῶνα Aesch. Pers. 496, cf. Ag. 649, 656, Cho. 202, Soph. Aj. 1143 sqq., etc.;—so also in Prose, x. κατερράγη Hdt.1. 87; ἐπέπεσέ σφι X. τε μέγας καὶ πολλὸς ἄνεμος Id. 7. 188, cf. Plat. Prot. 344 Ὁ; ἐπιγίγνεται yx. Hdt. 7. 34, cf. Thuc. 4.6; χειμῶνι χρῆσθαι Antipho 1321. 42; x. νοτερός a storm of rain, Thuc. 3. 21; χειμῶνα ποιεῖν ἐν εὐδίᾳ Xen. Hell. 2. 4, 14:—in pl., ὑπὸ τῶν x. by means of the winter- storms, Hdt. 4.62; ἔν ye χειμῶσι καὶ ἐν εὐδίαις Plat. Legg. οὔτ E, cf. gig A:—cf. ὀρνιθίας. 2. metaph., θεόσσυτος x. a storm of calamity sent by the gods, Aesch. Pr. 643; x. καὶ κακῶν τρικυμία Ib. 1015, cf. Cho. 262, 1066; δορὸς ἐν χειμῶνι in the storm of battle, Soph. Ant. 670; θολερῷ .. x. voonoas, of the madness of Ajax, Id. Aj. 207 :—of a person, χ. 6 μειρακίσκος ἐστὶ τοῖς φίλοις Alex. Παρασ. 1, cf. Anuyntp. 1. 4; x. κατ᾽ οἴκους .. κακὴ γυνή Menand, Sent. Monost. 540. χειμωνικός, 7, dv, stormy, Byz. χειμωνόθεν, Adv. from winter or a storm, Arat. 905. χειμωνο-τύπος [Ὁ], ον, buffeting stormily, λαῖλαψ, Aesch. Supp. 34.