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Fear

Fear is the body reading a threat as near — the breath shortens, the skin tightens, the attention collapses onto the single thing that might do harm. It arrives faster than thought and is rarely wrong about the fact of danger, only sometimes about its size. Vela reads fear as a primary emotion, distinct from the anxiety it shades into, and follows the writers who have written from inside it rather than about it from a safe distance.

Working definition · Threat-focused arousal—danger, loss, or harm feels proximate or plausible.

10570 passages · 1 Vela essay · in 1 cluster

Vela’s read on this emotion

Fear is one of the few emotions the body insists on before the mind has a vote, and that priority is the first thing the reading respects. Fear is not cowardice and not weakness; it is the oldest of the alarm systems, and the writers worth following have treated it as testimony rather than as something to be talked out of.

The reading is densest where fear has been lived under, not merely felt. Anne Frank's diary keeps fear as a daily condition — the specific dread of the footstep on the stair — held alongside the ordinary business of being fifteen. Viktor Frankl's Man's Search for Meaning reads fear inside the camps without flattening it into a lesson. The literature of illness and the body — the memoir written from inside a diagnosis — holds the particular fear of one's own body becoming the threat. The contemplative inheritance treats fear as a serious subject across centuries: the fear of the Lord in the Hebrew scriptures is closer to awe than to terror, and the distinction is one the reading keeps.

Fear is not the same as anxiety, dread, or terror. Fear has an object the body can point to; anxiety is fear without a fixed address, braced against what might come. Dread is fear stretched forward in time, waiting. Terror is fear past the point where action remains possible. The four are kin and the reading keeps them apart, because the difference is the difference between what the body can do and what it can only endure.

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Long-form guide in the magazine

An essay on how this word lives in language, in the tagged corpus, and in figurative art when curators pair passage with image — not a list of stages, not permission to feel.

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Passages

Every passage tagged with this emotion in the Vela corpus. Search the body text, narrow by source or register, click through to a book’s profile to see how the passage sits with the rest of the work.

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10570 tagged passages

  • From The Things They Carried (1990)

    ended, they would blink and peek up. They would touch their bodies, feeling shame, then quickly hiding it. They would force themselves to stand. As if in slow motion, frame by frame, the world would take on the old logic—absolute silence, then the wind, then sunlight, then voices. It was the burden of being alive. Awkwardly, the men would reassemble themselves, first in private, then in groups, becoming soldiers again. They would repair the leaks in their eyes. They would check for casualties, call in dustoffs, light cigarettes, try to smile, clear their throats and spit and begin cleaning their weapons. After a time someone would shake his head and say, No lie, I almost shit my pants, and someone else would laugh, which meant it was bad, yes, but the guy had obviously not shit his pants, it wasn't that bad, and in any case nobody would ever do such a thing and then go ahead and talk about it. They would squint into the dense, oppressive sunlight. For a few moments, perhaps, they would fall silent, lighting a joint and tracking its passage from man to man, inhaling, holding in the humiliation. Scary stuff, one of them might say. But then someone else would grin or flick his eyebrows and say, Roger-dodger, almost cut me a new asshole, almost. There were numerous such poses. Some carried themselves with a sort of wistful resignation, others with pride or stiff soldierly discipline or good humor or macho zeal. They were afraid of dying but they were even more afraid to show it. They found jokes to tell. They used a hard vocabulary to contain the terrible softness. Greased they'd say. Offed, lit up, zapped while zipping. It wasn't cruelty, just stage presence. They were actors. When someone died, it wasn't quite dying, because in a curious way it seemed scripted, and because they had their lines mostly memorized, irony mixed with tragedy, and because they called it by other names, as if to encyst and destroy the reality of death itself. They kicked corpses. They cut off thumbs. They talked grunt lingo. They told stories about Ted Lavender's supply of tranquilizers, how the poor guy didn't feel a thing, how incredibly tranquil he was. There's a moral here, said Mitchell Sanders. They were waiting for Lavender's chopper, smoking the dead man's dope. The moral's pretty obvious, Sanders said, and winked. Stay away from drugs. No joke, they'll ruin your day every time. Cute, said Henry Dobbins. Mind blower, get it? Talk about wiggy. Nothing left, just blood and brains. They made themselves laugh.

  • From The Things They Carried (1990)

    Shortly after midnight we moved into the ambush site outside My Khe. The whole platoon was there, spread out in the dense brush along the trail, and for five hours nothing at all happened. We were working in two-man teams—one man on guard while the other slept, switching off every two hours—and I remember it was still dark when Kiowa shook me awake for the final watch. The night was foggy and hot. For the first few moments I felt lost, not sure about directions, groping for my helmet and weapon. I reached out and found three grenades and lined them up in front of me; the pins had already been straightened for quick throwing. And then for maybe half an hour I kneeled there and waited. Very gradually, in tiny slivers, dawn began to break through the fog, and from my position in the brush I could see ten or fifteen meters up the trail. The mosquitoes were fierce. I remember slapping at them, wondering if I should wake up Kiowa and ask for some repellent, then thinking it was a bad idea, then looking up and seeing the young man come out of the fog. He wore black clothing and rubber sandals and a gray ammunition belt. His shoulders were slightly stooped, his head cocked to the side as if listening for something. He seemed at ease. He carried his weapon in one hand, muzzle down, moving

  • From The Things They Carried (1990)

    Psychology—that was one thing I knew. You don't try to scare people in broad daylight. You wait. Because the darkness squeezes you inside yourself, you get cut off from the outside world, the imagination takes over. That's basic psychology. I'd pulled enough night guard to know how the fear factor gets multiplied as you sit there hour after hour, nobody to talk to, nothing to do but stare into the big black hole at the center of your own sorry soul. The hours go by and you lose your gyroscope; your mind starts to roam. You think about dark closets, madmen, murderers under the bed, all those childhood fears. Gremlins and trolls and giants. You try to block it out but you can't. You see ghosts. You blink and shake your head. Bullshit, you tell yourself. But then you remember the guys who died: Curt Lemon, Kiowa, Ted Lavender, a half-dozen others whose faces you can't bring into focus anymore. And then pretty soon you start to ponder the stories you've heard about Charlie's magic. The time some guys cornered two VC ina dead-end tunnel, no way out, but how, when the tunnel was fragged and searched, nothing was found except a pile of dead rats. A hundred stories. Ghosts wiping out a whole squad of Marines in twenty seconds flat. Ghosts rising from the dead. Ghosts behind you and in front of you and inside you. After a while, as the night deepens, you feel a funny buzzing in your ears. Tiny sounds get heightened and distorted. The crickets talk in code; the night takes on an electronic tingle. You hold your breath. You coil up and tighten your muscles and listen, knuckles hard, the pulse ticking in your head. You hear the spooks laughing. No shit, /aughing. You jerk up, you freeze, you squint at the dark. Nothing, though. You put your weapon on full automatic. You crouch lower and count your grenades and make sure the pins are bent for quick throwing and take a deep breath and listen and try not to freak. And then later, after enough time passes, things start to get bad. "Come on," Azar said, "let's do it," but I told him to be patient. Waiting was the trick. So we went to the movies, Barbarella again, the eighth straight night. A lousy movie, I thought, but it kept Azar occupied. He was crazy about Jane Fonda. "Sweet Janie," he kept saying. "Sweet Janie boosts a man's morale." Then, with his hand, he showed me which part of his morale got boosted. It was an old joke. Everything was old. The movie, the heat, the booze, the war. I fell asleep during the second reel—a hot, angry sleep—and forty minutes later I woke up to a sore ass and a foul temper. It wasn't yet midnight.

  • From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

    How could you have sent my daughter off to a place full of ex-convicts and drug addicts, people like those Manson lunatics?” They exchanged a few more words before my father hung up and hopped in his car to drive to Danny’s, where he planned to beat him senseless. On his way, he stopped at his mother’s, my grandma Regina, who talked him out of it. What persuaded my father to not follow through with driving to Danny’s was my grandmother’s revelation. “Terry was beatin’ Celena somthin’ fierce. Her screams could be heard up and down the street,” she said. My father had suspected something was wrong, but no one would tell him. He has often repeated that if he’d known, he would have taken me away from Terry’s the same day. But he didn’t know. His mother’s disclosure left him deflated. Later he went to see an attorney about getting me out of Synanon. The attorney told my father that he couldn’t help him. He said, “Even if you were a wealthy man, I’d have a hard time getting your daughter out of there. Synanon is a powerful organization with a tremendous amount of money to fight the case. They have their own lawyers, who work around the clock for free. Then there’s also the fact that your daughter’s mother has custody. There are other families in your situation who are fighting Synanon, and the cult has turned violent, so much so that a lot of attorneys don’t want to go up against the place. It’s probably best to wait until her mother gets tired of Synanon and leaves on her own.” My father tried to call the Synanon headquarters in Marin, but was stonewalled. He couldn’t get my mother or me on the phone. He had no better chance of contacting us than if we’d taken a spaceship to the moon. Chapter NineA ssimilation I stood on the porch of the Commons, hugging myself against the cold. The building had been empty of diners for some time. A rolling fog traveled over the landscape as if sentient, giving the appearance of unfurling the three small boys who approached. I’d been in the commune long enough to know they were from the Hatchery, a separate building from the usual dorms, where children lived from birth to age three or four. Demonstrators maintained the building and cared for the children. I watched the boys walk toward me and climb the steps to the porch. We stared at each other, their eyes gazing along the length of my body. I crossed my arms as two of them circled me. Without a word, they jumped me, punching my body and grabbing my arms while I struggled to stay on my feet. One of them got his small hands around my throat. His lips twisted into a grimaced smile. Panicked, I hit his face. He fell back while the other two continued to attack me.

  • From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

    Although their heads were shaved, we knew immediately that they were not from our community. They had a casual demeanor and exuded a kind of foreign vibe that all non-Synanon people exhibited. The passenger rolled down his window, and the driver leaned over to talk with us. “Hey, aren’t you Synanon kids?” “Yes,” Melissa said. “What are you doing out here in the Tenderloin? Are you lost?” “No,” I said. We didn’t know these men, and I thought it was stupid to confide in them. Although we had never had any training in Synanon about the possible dangers of interacting with strangers, my feelings and response rose from instinct. “We are lost,” Lacy corrected, glaring at me. “Well, hop in,” the driver said. “I know where the Synanon house is. I’ll drop you kids off there.” Melissa and Lacy headed to the car, but I caught hold of Melissa’s arm. “We don’t know them.” I tried to keep my voice low so the men couldn’t hear us. “He might be lying.” “Just a minute,” Melissa said to the driver. She gestured to Lacy to come over to where we stood and we huddled together. “They seem nice,” Melissa said. We glanced at the men, who were watching us. “We’ve been lost for hours! Let’s just we go with them,” Lacy said. She gave me a hard look. “If they kidnap us, we won’t be able to get away,” I argued, wondering how Melissa and Lacy could jump in a car with strangers just because they said they knew we were from Synanon. All three of us turned to look at the men again. The driver’s smile grew wider and he waved us over. “I promise I’ll take you kids right to your home.” “I’m going with them,” Lacy said and went to the car. Melissa followed seconds behind her. “No!” I called out. Lacy came back to me, her irritation exploding into full anger. “If you don’t come with us, then you can just stay here by yourself and find your own way back!” I watched them get in the car. Night had crept up on us, and there was no one on the street, just the cars whizzing by on the road. The men in the car could kill us and no one would ever know, but if they all left, I’d be by myself on the street in the area the driver had called the Tenderloin. “It’s okay,” the driver coaxed. “We won’t hurt you. I’ll take you right to your doorstep.” Being left alone seemed even worse than getting into the car, and so after a minute of indecision, I climbed into the vehicle, squeezing in with everyone else. As we pulled away from the curb, I gripped the arm of the door. It was not a long ride. Within ten minutes the driver had pulled up alongside a massive, but very familiar building. “That’s you, right?” he said, pointing at our San Francisco headquarters.

  • From Lit: A Memoir (2009)

    Why, I thought, why didn’t I just go to the midwestern college I’d weaseled my way into early admission, then chickened out of? A premed student I had a crush on went there. At the time school had seemed repellently conventional. Plus the education fund Mother and Daddy had—all our lives—reassured us we’d have turned out to be nonexistent. Mostly, though, I knew I’d fail in such a place, having once secured a D in art class—even, maybe not accidentally, given that Mother was a painter. Sam tucked his long black hair behind his ear, the smile still rigid on his face. He said, This is a cool scene. You’ll dig it. My friend used to jam with the Grateful Dead. (A claim ubiquitous among West Coast guitar players circa 1972.) Cars zipped by. I bent over and pretended to rummage through my big fringed purse as though I were a woman who clipped recipes. Lifting my knees to block my right hand from sight, I got a tight grip on the door handle. He said, This won’t be but a minute. We slowed down for a curve, and I scanned the empty road behind us before I hoisted the handle and hit the door. Nothing happened. The handle was floppy loose. It could have spun in a tractionless circle like a pinwheel, no connection to the mechanism. Now I knew why he’d been Sir Galahad with the door. He downshifted, and the car’s loose hull rattled around us. His solvent breath was so strong, one match and he’d belch out dragon flames. He said, It’s the truth that saves us, but some people’s truth is bitter gall. You’re a woman, Mary, with the curse of Eve on you. I wondered where were the ubiquitous squad cars that had plagued my friends and me. The doughnut-munching bastards. You wanna see my truth? Sam asked. I firmly doubted I had a choice. I said of course I’d be honored to see his truth, wise in the arcana as he seemed to be. Then I waited for him to raise up the hatchet or samurai sword with which he would surely split my skull to the gizzard. With some ceremony, Sam drew from under his shirt a suede pouch on a leather cord slung around his neck. Opening it, he drew out a thin object a few inches long and wrapped in red silk with tiny Chinese ideograms on it. On his lap, he unfolded it with one hand—a small brownish-black burnt-looking thing like an umbilicus. A root or charm, I thought. That’s my twin brother’s finger, he said. I looked at him, white stuff at the sides of his mouth, flecks of tobacco on his bottom lip. I felt my right hand on the floppy door handle.

  • From Lit: A Memoir (2009)

    At dusk, we parked in an apartment lot where a hometown dope dealer had left his pink Lincoln Continental with its busted steering column. Easy knew somebody who lived there, and in the way of poor hippies, they cooked us noodles and let us use their bathroom in exchange for the free pot Doonie could lay on them. Secreted inside the freakishly fat surfboard—in a scooped-out hollow in its foam core—he’d ratholed a few fragrant bricks of pot and a baggie of questionably acquired pills. These investments—tucked away from the law under sheets of fiberglass and squeegeed over with resin—would free him from the factory jobs we’ll all eventually take. For the first time in days, inside a rank plastic shower curtain flowering with mildew, water poured over me. And it was in the shower that the acid kicked in—not full bore, just enough to keep me holding myself very still. The suds swirled down my torso like chrysanthemums in a Japanese wood-block print. And my body seemed to smoke. By the time I’d dressed, beers were being handed around. Black speakers thumped out music. The guys agreed I could sleep in the palatial luxury of the Lincoln, not that sleep was possible on that acid. Doonie helped me run an extension cord with a caged mechanic’s light so I could read. But with the nearby ocean buzzing like a hornets’ nest, I could only puzzle over the black letters squiggling off the edges of the white page. At some point, a looming figure glided up to the foggy side window, and I jerked huffing in air to holler, but the scream got stuck, just added itself onto the large round scream that all my life had been assembling in my chest. It felt like a huge lump of cold clay. Someday I was gonna holler so long, glass would shatter and walls explode. But it was just Doonie’s thin shape with black frazzled hair. His knuckles whapped the glass. I body-blocked the heavy car door open, saying, You scared the fuck out of me. Each word materialized between my lips like a tiny pink balloon that rose with other balloons in a birdlike drove. Doonie had his sleeping bag over his shoulder like a corpse. He said, Sorry, man. Mind if I grab the front seat? As I stared at him, his edges grew more solid, and when I told him to go ahead, there were no more balloons blipping from my lips. He plucked an azalea off the nearby bush, saying, Can you believe how this place even smells? I didn’t know the outside could smell like this. I breathed in the living green of it, then asked if the others were asleep. Yeah, Doonie said, except Dave keeps busting out hollering shit. He just sat up and said, We’re all gonna die! Like he’s in Nam or something.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    ἅξομαι, Dep., used only in pres. and impf.; act. only in Soph. O. C. 134, part. ἄζοντα. To stand in awe of, dread, esp. the gods and one’s parents, ἁζύμενοι. .᾿Απόλλωνα Il. 1. 21; μήτ᾽ οὖν μητέρ᾽ ἐμὴν ἅζευ Od. 17. 401; followed by inf., χερσὶ δ᾽ ἀνίπτοισιν Διὶ λείβειν.. ἄζομαι 1]. 6. 267; ξείνους οὐχ ἅζεο.. ἐσθέμεναι Od. 9. 478; ἅξ. μή I. 14. 261 ;—so in Theogn., τίς δή κεν... ἄζοιτ᾽ ἀθανάτους 748; and in Trag., Tis οὖν τάδ᾽ οὐχ ἄζεται Aesch. Eum. 389, cf. 1002; ἄζονται γὰρ ὁμαίμους Id. Supp. 651; πλόκαμον οὐδάμ᾽ ἅζεται Ib. 884 (all lyr.) ; οὐχ ἄζομαι θανεῖν I fear not to ἀϊε.., Eur. Or. 1116 (vulg. οὐ χάζομαι, cf. Elmsl. Heracl. 600, Monk Alcest. 336). 2. absol. in part. awe-struck, Od. 9. 200; ἀμφί ΤἯ ἀζόμενος Soph. Ο. Τ. 155. (From AI’ ν. ἄγος, ἅγος, ἁγνός, ἅγιος. alos, 6, contr. from ἄοζος, a servant, Clitarch. ap. Ath. 267 C. a-fiyns, ἔς, -- ἀζυξ, Clem. Al. τοῦ. ἀ-ζύγος, ον, -- ἀζυξ, wnwedded, κοίτη Luc. Amor. 44. α pair, σανδάλια Strabo 259. ἄ-ζῦμος, ov, without process of fermentation, Plat. Tim. 74 D:—of bread, wnleavened, ἄρτος Ath. 109 B, ἄρτους a¢., ἄζυμα λάγανα Lxx (Exod. 29. 21, Levit. 2. 4): absol., ἄζυμα, τά, Exod. 12.15; but τὰ ἄζυμα the feast of unleavened bread, Ev. Marc. 14. 1,=% ἑορτὴ τῶν ἀζύμων Ἐν. Luc. 22.1. alupodayta, the eating of unleavened bread, Just. Mart. 231 Ὁ (in pl.). ἄζυξ, ὕγος, ὁ, ἡ, τό, (ζεύγνυμι) unyoked, unpaired, Archil. 157, Arist. Pol. I. 2, 10; and so τρηπαγγίοα, Eur. Bacch. 6943 of Pallas the virgin goddess, Id. Tro. 536: with a gen. added, a(vé λέκτρων, γάμων, εὐνῆς, Lat. nuptiarum expers, Eur. Hipp. 546, I. A. 805, Med. 673. ἅζω, v. sub ἄζομαι. ἄζω (A), to dry up, parch, ὁπότε χρόα Σείριος ἄζει Hes. Sc. 397, cf. Op. 585, Alcae. 39 :—Pass., [αἴγειρος] ἀζομένη κεῖται lies drying, 1]. 4. 487. (From 4/AZ come also d(a, ἀζαίνω, -dvw: αὔω, αὐαίνω come from a diff. Root.) ἄζω (B), to cry ἃ (as αἰάζω to cry αἰαῖ), to groan, sigh, Soph. Fr. 808 ;— and perh, this is the sense of the Med., εἴ τις... ἄζηται κραδίην ἀκαχήμενος Hes. Th. 99. 2. to breathe hard, Nicoch. Incert. 2; cf. αἰάζω 2, daw. ἀζωΐα, ἡ, (4¢wos) lifelessness, Porph. ap. Stob. Ecl. 1. 820, ἀζωνικός, 7, dv, =sq., Psell. 1. c. d-fwvos, ov, confined to no zone or region, opp. to local deities, Serv. Virg. Aen. 12. 118, Psell. Exp. Dogm. Chald. 114. ἄ-ζωος, ov, (ζωήν lifeless, Porphyr. II. (ζῷον) without worms in it, of wood, Theophr. C. P. 4. 15, 3. 2. in pl. ot ᾿ d-Lworos, ov, (Cwvvupe)ungirt, from hurry, Hes. Op. 343: generally, not girded, Plat. Legg. 954 A. ἄ-ζωτος, ov, =foreg., E. M. 22. 20. ἀηδέω, to feel disgust at, δείπνῳ ἀηδήσειεν as the Vienn. Ms. in Od. 1. 134, ubi nunc ἀδήσειεν (ν. ἀδέω).

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    διατορνεύω, to finish off, Liban. 4. 1071. . διάτορος, ον, (τείρω) piercing, galling, πέδαι (where Herm. takes it pass.), Aesch. Pr. 76; 6. φόβος thrilling fear, Ib. 181; of sound, δ. 361 Τυρσηνικὴ σάλπιγξ 14. Eum. 567; διατόρον φθέγγεσθαι Plut. 2. 303 Ε; ἀναβοᾶν Luc. Gall, 1: cf. διαπρύσιος. II. pass. pierced, bored through, ποδοῖν dxpai Soph. Ο. T. 1034. διατρἄγεϊν, v. sub διατρώγω. διατράγῳδέω, to talk in tragic style, Hesych. 5. ν. διακωμῳδέω. διάτραμις, ὁ, ἡ, --λισπόπυγος, Strattis Incert. 15. διατρᾶνόω, to state clearly, lambl. V. Pyth. 26. dtatpaxnAlfopar, Pass. to put one’s neck under the yoke, Teles ap. Stob. 18. 40. ΤΙ. to rush headforemost, Plut. 2. 501 Ὁ. διατρᾶχύνω, to make quite rough, Plut. 2. 979 B. δι-ατρεμέω, to be very still, Arr. Peripl. M. Euxin. p. 6. διατρεπτικός, 7, dv, dissuasive, Plut. 2. 788 F. διατρέπω, fut. ψω, to turn away or deter from a thing, 5. αὐτοὺς τοῦ μὴ .. Polyb. 5. 4, 10:—Pass., with fut. med., aor. med. διετραπόμην, and pass. Bec eeilalk to turn aside from one’s purpose, Epicur. ap. Diog. L. 10. 119: ¢o be confounded or perplexed, Hipp. 1159 H, Dem. 798. 20: c. acc. to turn away from .. , Epict. ap. Stob. 316, fin., Plut., etc. διατρέφω, fut. --θρέψω, to breed up, support, Araros Ὕμεν. 1: to sustain continually, Thuc. 4.39; τινὰ ἀπό Twos Xen. Mem. 2. 7, 6. διατρέχω, fut. -Θρέξομαι : aor. -ἐδρᾶμον, also —éOpeta Call. Lav. Pall. 23: pf. -δεδράμηκα. To run across ot over, ἰχθυόεντα κέλευθα διέ- δραμον Od. 3.177; Tis δ᾽ ἂν ἑκὼν... διαδράμοι ἁλμυρὸν ὕδωρ; 5. 100; μὴ διατρέχων Antipho 121. 36. 2. metaph. to run through, τὸν βίον Plat. Legg. 802 A; τὰ ἡδέα Xen. Mem. 2.1, 31; 5. τὸν λόγον to get to the end of it, Plat. Phaedr. 237 A. II. absol. to run about, Lat. discurrere, Ar. Pax 536; διατρέχοντες ἀστέρες Ib. 838; νεφέλαι διέδρα- μον Theocr. 22. 20:—metaph. fo run through, spread, ἐν τῷ σώματι διέ- δραμε γαργαλισμός Hegesipp. ᾿Αδελφ. 1.16; δ. νεωτερισμός Plut. Alex. 68 ; θροῦς δ. τῆς ἐκκλησίας Plut. Pyrrh. 13. 2. of Time, ¢o pass away, Hdn. 2. 6, etc. 3. δ. eis... to come quite to.., Hipp. 553. 21; δ. μέχρι to penetrate to.., Plut. Pyrrh. 24. διατρέω, fut. -τρέσω, to run trembling about, flee all ways, διέτρεσαν ἄλλυδις ἄλλος 1]. 11. 486, cf. 17. 729. διάτρησις, ews, 7, perforation: a pore, Hipp. 412. 32, Galen. διάτρητος, ov, bored through, pierced, Jo. Damasc.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    ἐπαναπόλησις, ews, 7), repetition, Philo 1. 254. ἐπαναρρήγνῦμι, fut.—pyéw, to tear open again, Lat. refricare, τὸ τραῦμα Plut. Cato Mi. 70:—Pass. to burst open afresh, Hipp. 415. 5. ἐπαναρρϊπίζω, -- ἀναρριπίζω, Joseph. A. J. 19. 2, 2. ἐπαναρρίπτω or -ἔω, to throw up in the air: seemingly intr. (sub. ἑαυτόν) to spring high in the air, Xen. Cyn. 5, 4. ἐπανάσεισις, ews, 7, a brandishing against, τῶν ὅπλων Thuc. 4. 126. ἐπανασείω, zo lift up and shake, Hipp. 915 B: metaph., ἐπ. δύναμιν to threaten one with it, Dion. H. 11. 6 :—Med. to threaten, τινί Joseph. ἊΣ 7: τὸ: 1, τό. ἐπανασκοπέω, fut. -σκέψομαι, to consider yet again, Plat. Crat. 428 D, Hipp. Mi. 369D; πάλιν ἀνασκεψόμεθα Id. Theaet. 154 E. ἐπανασπείρω, to sow again; and -σπορά, ἧ, a second sowing, Tzetz. ἐπαναστᾶσις, ews, 7, a rising up for any purpose, Hipp. Prorrh. 80: α rising up again, Diod. 18. 31. 2. a rising up against, an insur- rection, Hdt. 3. 44, 118, Thuc. 2.27, εἴς. ; ἐγένετο ἐπ. ὑπὸ τοῦ δήμου τοῖς δυνατοῖς Id. 8. 21; ἐπ. μέρους τινὸς τῷ ὅλῳ τῆς ψυχῆς Plat. Rep. 444 B:—in Soph. Ant. 533, persons are called ἐπαναστάσεις θρόνων rebellions (i.e. rebels) against the throne. II. a rising up, a swelling, Hipp. 154 Ὁ: a prominence on the head, Arist. H. A. 2. 1, 36. IIT. metaph., ἐπ. λόγου elevation of language, Lat. oratio assur gens, Dem. Phal. 278. ἐπαναστέλλω, to draw back, ὀλίγον τοῦ παραπετάσματος Clem. Al. 253. ΤΙ. to compensate, τὰς φθοράς Arist. Mund. 5, 13. ἐπανάστημα, τό, a rising, swelling, Schol. Ar. Ran. 233. sublimity, Schol. Il. 13. 132, Hesych. ἐπαναστρέφω, intr. fo turn back upon one, wheel round and return to the charge, Ar. Ran. 1102, Thuc. 4.130.,8. 105, Xen.:—so in Pass., Ar. Eq. 244, Xen. Eq. Mag.8,25. ΤΤ. Pass., also, toreturn tothe surface, Arist. Fr. 316. ἐπαναστροφή, ἡ, --ἀναστροφή, a return, Eust. Opusc. 253. 78:—in Rhetoric, repetition of a word at the opening of a sentence, Hermog. ἐπανασώζω, = ἀνασώζω; Byz., Eccl. ἐπανασωστικός, 7, Ov, saving, preserving, Τύχη Inscr. in Jo. Lyd. de Mens. 3. 47. II. 513 ἐπανάτἄσις, ews, ἡ, a stretching upwards, holding up, Tod σκήπτρου Arist. Pol. 3.14, 12; v. sub σκῆπτρον. 11. metaph. a threatening, Philo 1. 282. ἐπανατείνω, to stretch out and hold up, τὸν τράχηλον Xen. An. 7. 4, 9; ἐπ. τὰς χεῖρας as in prayer, Diod. Excerpt. 628. 70; ἐπ. ἐλπίδας τινί to hold out hopes, Xen. Cyr. 2. 1, 23. 11. Med., ἐπανατείνεσθαι βάκτρον τινί to hold over as a threat, Luc. Catapl. 13; so, ἐπ. φόβους τινί Polyb. 2. 44, 3; ἀπειλάς cf. Dion. H. 7. 53: c. inf., ἐπ. πράξειν to threaten to do, Polyb. 15. 29, 14. III. metaph. in Med. to speak with prolixity, Dion. H. de Rhet. 8. 14. ἐπανατέλλω, poet. ἐπαντέλλω :—like ἀνατέλλω, to raise, ποδὸς ἴχνος Eur. Phoen. 104; ἐπ. κέρας ἐκ μετώπου to send forth, Opp. Cyn. 2. 2 II. intr. to rise, τὸν ἥλιον ἀνατεῖλαι Hdt. 2. 142; ἡλίου

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    δύσοδος, ov, hard to pass, scarce passable, Thuc. 1. 107, Poll. 3. 96. δυσοίζω, to be distressed, Eur. Rhes. 724; and in Med. fo fear, Ib. 805. 11. in οὔτοι δυσοίζω θάμνον ws ὄρνις φόβῳ, Aesch. Ag. 1316, ὃ. φόβῳ seems=oBovpa, to be afraid of, tremble at. (The simple οἴζω is only cited by Ap. Dysc. ap. A. B. 538; cf. οἰμώζω from οἴμοι.) δυσοίκητος, ov, bad to dwell in, Hipp. Aér. 291, Xen. Cyr. 8. 6, 21. δυσοικονόμητος, ov, hard to digest, Diphil. Siphn. ap. Ath. 70 A. ϑδύσοικος, ov, -- δυσοίκητος, Schol. Soph. Ph. 551. δύσοιμος, ov, acc. to Schol. and Hesych.,=8dvaodos, τύχη 5. Aesch, Cho. 945 :—al. (from οἴμη) harsh-sounding. δύσοινος, ον, yielding bad wine, Poll. 6. 21. δύσοιστος, ov, (οἴσω, φέρω) hard to bear, insufferable, πήματα, ἄλγη, πόνοι Aesch. Pr. 691, Cho. 745, Soph. Ph. 507; βίου δύσοιστον ἔχειν tpopay Id. O. C. 1687; δ. dnp Strabo 562. δυσοιωνέω, (οἰωνός) to augur ill of a thing, A. B. 35. δυσοιωνισμός, 6, an ill omen, Hesych.: δυσοιωνιστός, dv, ill-omened, Lat. inauspicatus, Luc. Eun.6; δυσοιωνιστικός, 7, dv, Suid. δύσοκνος, ov, very lazy :—Adv. -κνως, M. Anton. 5. I. δύσομαι, v. sub δύω. δύσομβροϑ, ov, stormy, wintry, Soph. Ant. 358. δυσομίλητος [7], ov, =sq., Hierocl. ap. Stob. 477. δυσόμῖλος, ov, hard to live with, Plut. Demetr. 42: bringing evil in one’s company, Ἐρινύς Aesch. Ag. 746. δυσόμματος, ον, scarce-seeing, purblind, Aesch. Eum. 388. δυσόμοιος, ov, unlike, Stratt. Incert. 13, Hesych. δυσόνειρος, ov, full of ill dreams, ὕπνος Plut. 2. 15 B:—bringing ill dreams, βρώματα Ib. 734 E. δύσοπτος, ov, (ὄψομαι) hard to see or know, cited from Hipp. :—rd δ. gloom, darkness, Polyb. 18. 4, 2. δυσόρᾶτος, ov, hard to see, Xen. Cyr.1.6, 40: τὰ δυσόρατα dark corners, Id. Eq. Mag. 4, 18. 11. ill to look on, horrible, App. Hisp. 97. δυσοργησία, 7, =passionateness, Hipp. 49. 28: also δυσοργία, Id. Vet. Med. 12. δυσόργητος, ov, = δύσοργος, Babr. 11. 12, Poll. 1. 39. Dion. H. 6. 47. Sucopyos, ov, quick to anger, Soph. Aj. 1017, Ph. 377, Tr. 1118. δυσορεξία, ἡ, feebleness of appetite, Galen. 7. 128. δυσόριστος, ov, difficult to keep within limits, Arist. Meteor. 4. 1, 3, Gen. et Corr. 2. 2, 4. II. difficult to define, Dion. H. de Dinarch. 5. δυσορκέω, (ὅρκος) to swear falsely, A. B. 36. δυσόρμιστος, ον, (ὁρμίζω) =sq., Poll. 1. 101. Sucoppos, ov, with bad anchorage, νῆσος .. δ. ναυσί Aesch. Pers. 448: but τὰ δύσορμα rough ground, where one can scarce get footing, Xen. Cyn. Io, 7. II. act., πνοαὶ 6. that detained the fleet ix harbour, or that kept it from reaching harbour, foul winds, Aesch. Ag. 194; cf. ἄλη τι. Sucopvis, ios, 6, ἡ, --δυσοιώνιστος, boding ill, Aesch. Theb. 838; οἰωνός Eur. Hipp. 760 :—with ill auspices, Plut. Marc. 4. δυσόρφναιος, a, ov, dusky, τρύχη Eur. Phoen. 325. δυσοσμία, 7, an ill smell, ill savour, Soph. Ph. 876, Fr. 483.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    Id. Eq. 8, 4; ἐμβ. ἕλκεα to inflict them, Pind. Fr. 77; ἐμβ. πῦρ to apply it, Thuc. 7. 53; ἔμβ. ῥήγεα to lay on blankets, Od. 4. 298 :-— metaph., ἐμβ. φόβον τινί to strike fear into him, Lat. incutere timorem, Hdt. 7. 10, 5; ἄταν Aesch. Theb. 316; φροντίδας Antipho 116. 28. 5. ἐμβ. ὦμον to put one’s shoulder 10 the work, in archery, Hipp. Fract. 750. 6. to put into its place, zo set a broken or dislo- cated limb, Ib. 761, 766, Artic. 780 sq., 830:—/to graft a tree, Dem. 1251. 22, in Pass. 7. ἐμβ. τινί (sc. μάρμαρον) to throw at another, Il. 12. 383. 8. to insert a word or a letter, Plat. Prot. 343 D, Crat. 414 Ὁ, al.; εἰς κωμῳδίαν στίχον Plut. 2. 334 E. 9. ἐμβ. οἰκίαν τινι to throw it in, bring it down wpon him, Ar. Ach, 511. 10. | τάφρον ἐμβ. to make a trench, Plut. Pyrrh. 27, Mar. 15. 11. intr. ἔμβαμμα ---- ἔμβραχυ. (sub. στρατόν) to make an inroad or invasion, Hdt. 4. 125.. 5. 15; ἐς τὸν Ἰσθμόν Id. g. 13, cf. Xen. Ages. 1, 29 :—in Aesch. Theb. 583, ΤΟΙ, στράτευμα is expressed. b. generally to break, burst, rush in, ἐμβάλ- dew εἰς τὴν ἀγοράν to go boldly into it, Aeschin. 23. 32, Lycurg. 148. 24, etc.; ἐμβάλωμεν εἰς ἄλλον λόγον Eur. El. 962, cf. Plat. Theaet. τόρ E. 2. to strike a ship with the ram (ἔμβολος 1. 3), to charge or ram it (cf. ἐμβολή II. 2, ἔμβολος 3), νηΐ Hdt. 8. 84, 87, 92, cf. 7. 10,2; ἐμβ. ταῖς λοίπαις (sc. ναυσί) Thuc. 4. 14; ἐυνετύγχανε .. διὰ τὴν στενοχωρίαν TA μὲν ἄλλοις ἐμβεβληκέναι TA δὲ αὐτοὺς ἐμβεβλῆσθαι on one side had charged others, on the other had been charged them- selves, Id. 7. 70 :—of water, ἐμβ. τοῖς οὔρεσι to dash against them, Hdt. 2. 28. 8. kann ἐμβάλλειν (sub. χεῖρας) to lay oneself to the oar, Lat. incumbere remis, Od. 10. 129, Pind. P. 4. 3573 and ἐμβάλλειν alone, to day to, pull hard, Ar. Eq. 602, Ran. 206, Xen. Hell. 5. 1, 13. 4. of a river, to empty itself, eis .. , Plat. Phaedo 113 Ὁ. 111. Med. ἐο throw in what is one’s own, ὅρκον εἰς τὸν ἐχῖνον Dem. 1203. 26, cf. 829. 18. 2. metaph., φύξιν ἐμβάλλεο θυμῷ Il. το. 447; μῆτιν ἐ.θ. 23. 313; εἰς τὸν νοῦν ἐμβάλλεσθαΐ τι Dem. 247. 20; cf. supr. Τ 2. 8. ο. gen., ἐμβάλεσθε τῶν λαγῴων fall upon the hare’s flesh, Ar. Pax 1312. IV. Pass. to be dashed against, of ships, to charge (v. supr.II. 2), Thuc. 7. 34, 70; of men, Xen. Cyr. 4.2, 21.—Cf. εἰσβάλλω. ἔμβαμμα, τό, sauce, soup, Xen. Cyr. 1. 3, 4, Theop. Com. Bip. 2. ἐμβαμμάτιον, τό, Dim. of foreg., Anaxipp. Ἔγκαλ. 1. 35. euBatrilw, =sq., Nic. ap. Ath. 133 Ε, Plut. Sull. 21. ἐμβάπτω, fut. ψω, to dip in, τί τινι Hippon. 27; εἰς ἁλμήν Cratin. δ.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    μυριάδας ἐκείνῃσι Hdt. 7.186; ἐξεπληροῦτο τὸ ναυτικὸν ἐς τὰς .. τριη- κοσίας ναῦς Id, 8. 82; δέκατον ἐκπληρῶν ὄχον making up the number of ten chariots, Soph. El. 708; ἐγκπλ. τοὺς ἱππεῖς εἰς δισχιλίους Ken. Cyr. 5. 3, 24. 3. to man completely, ναῦς Hdt. 7. 186, Arist. Pol. 7. 6, 8. 4. to fulfil, ὑπόσχεσιν, χάριν Hdt. 5. 35., 8.144. 5. to pay in full, τὸ χρέος Plat. Legg. 958 B. 11. ἐμπλ. λιμένα πλάτῃ to make one’s way over, Lat. emetiri, Eur. Or. 54 (ν. Pors.). ἐκπλήρωμα, τό, a filling up, ἐκπλ. ποιεῖν τοῦ κοίλου Hipp. Art. 785: a pad or cushion to fill up, ἐνθεὶς μασχάλῃ ἐκπλ. Id. Mochl. 848. ἐκπλήρωσις, ews, 7, a filling up, completion, Aresas in Stob. Phys. t. 850, Diosc. 1.69: satisfaction, τῶν ἐπιθυμιῶν Dion. H. 6. 86. ἐκπληρωτής, ov, 6, one who fills up, Dio C. 38. 24. ἐκπλήσσω, Att. -rrw: fut. £w:—to strike out of, drive away from, &t δ᾽ ἔπληξέ μου τὴν αἰδῶ Aesch. Pr. 134; ὃς (sc. κεραυνὸς) αὐτὸν ἐξέ- πληξε τῶν... κομπασμάτων Ib. 360, cf. Eur. lon 635 :—absol. to drive away, ἣ τέρψις ἐκπλήσσει TO λυπηρόν Thuc. 2. 38; φόβος μνήμην ἐπκπλ. Ib. 87. ΤΙ. to drive out of one’s senses by a sudden shock, to amaze, astound, Od, 18. 231, in tmesi; 6 φόβος ἐκπλήσσων.. Antipho 115. 30; 6 μ᾽ ἐκπλήσσει λέγειν frightens me in speaking, Eur. Or. 549: —in this sense most used in aor. 2 pass., Ep. ἐξεπλήγην (v. infr.), Att. ἐξεπλάγην [a]; but also aor. 1 ἐξεπλήχθην Soph. Tr. 386, Eur. Tro, 183; pf. part. ἐκπεπληγμένος Aesch. Pers. 290, Soph., etc.:—to be panic- struck, amazed, astonied, esp. by fear, ἐκς yap πλήγη φρένας Il. 16. 403, cf. 13. 3943 ἡνίοχοι ἔκπληγεν 18. 225; c. part., ἐςπεπληγμένον κεῖνον βλέποντες Soph. O. T. 922, cf. Ant. 433, etc.; €emdaaynvai τινι to be astonished at a thing, Hdt. 1. 116, etc.; ὑπό τινος Id. 3.645; διά τι Thuc. 7. 213 ἐπί τινι Xen. Cyr. 1. 4, 27; πρός τι Plut. Thes. 19, etc.: but also, ἐκμπλαγῆναί τινα to be struck with panic fear of .., Soph. Ph. 226, El. 1045; ἡμᾶς δ᾽ ἂν.. μάλιστα ἐκπεπληγμένοι εἶεν Thuc. 6. 11, cf. 3. 2. 2. generally, of any sudden, overpowering passion, to be struck with desire, Ar. Pl.673; with love, Eur. Hipp. 38, Med. 8; with joy, Aesch. Cho. 233, cf. Soph. Tr. 629; with admiration, Aeschin. 19. 4, etc.; c. acc. rei, ἐκπλαγέντα τὰ προκείμενα ἀγαθά Hdt. g. 82, cf. 3. 148. 8. εἴς τι ἐκπλήττειν to frighten one into a thing, Polyb. 24. 4, II. ἐκπλινθεύω, to take out bricks or tiles, Isae. ap. Harpocr. ἐκπλίσσομαι, Pass. to open, gape, of a wound, Hipp. Fract. 767, Art. 789. ἐκπτλοκή, ἡ, an unravelling : metaph. escape, Artemid. 4. 59. ἔκπλοος, contr. -wAous, 6, a sailing out, leaving port, Aesch, Pers. 385 ; ποιεῖσθαι ἔκπλ. -- ἐκπλεῖν, Thuc. 1. 65, etc., cf. ἐκπλέωτ; βιάζεσ- θαι τὸν ἐκπλ. to force one’s way out, Id. 7. 70; εἴσπλους καὶ ἔμκπλ. the right of using a port, Ο. 1. 2675 a. If. a passage out, entrance of a harbour, Aesch. Pers. 367, Xen. Hell. 1. 6, 18.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    εἰσβαίνω, fut. --βήσομαι, to go into a ship, mostly absol. to go on board ship, embark, Od. 9. 103, etc.; also, ἐσβ. és ναῦν Hdt. 3.41; and c. acc., εἰσβ. σκάφος Eur. Tro. 681 (cf. ἐμβαίνω). 2. generally, to go into, enter, πρὸς κόρης νυμφεῖον εἰσβ. Soph. Ant. 1205 ; δόμους Eur. Med. 41, 380, al.; εἰσβ. κακά to come into miseries, Soph. O. C. 997; ἄτης ἄβυσσον πέλαγος Aesch. Supp. 470; and reversely, ἐμοὶ γὰρ οἶκτος .. εἰσέβη Soph. Tr. 298. 3. to come in, be imported, εἰσέ- βαινον ἰσχάδες Alex. Κυβερν. 2. II. Causal in aor. 1 έβησα, to make to go into, to put into, és δ᾽ ἑκατόμβην βῆσε θεῷ (sc. ἐς νῆα) Il. I. 310; cf. Eur. Alc. 1055, Bacch. 466. εἰσβάλλω, fut. - βάλῶ, to throw into, ἄνδρα εἰς ἕρκη Soph. Aj. 60; εἰς πῆμα Aesch. Pr. 1075; φάρμακα eis φρέατα Thuc. 2. 48; ἐσβ. στρατιὰν és Μίλητον to throw an army into the Milesian territory, Hdt. 1. 14; ἐσβ. vas és τὰς ἀρούρας Id. 2. 14, cf. Eur. El. 79: also c. dupl. acc., βοῦς πόντον εἰσεβάλλομεν were driving them to the sea, Id. I. T. 261: —Med., to put on board one’s ship, és τὴν ναῦν Hdt. 1. 1.,6.95; absol., Thue. 8. 31. 11. εἰσβ. στρατιὰν eis. ., of an invasion, Hdt. 1. 17: but usually without στρατιάν, to throw oneself into, make an inroad into, εἰς χώραν Hdt. τ. 15,16, Ar. Ach. 762, Thue. 2. 47, etc. ; εἰσβάλ- Aew εἰς τοὺς ὁπλίτας to fall upon them, Id. 6.70; πρὸς πόλιν εἰσ- βάλλειν to make an assault upon it, Id. 4. 25; of fever, to attack a person, Aretae. Cur. M. Diut. 1. 1 :—also simply to enter a country, εἰς τόπον Theophr. H. P. 9. 7, 1 :—poét. ς, acc., χῶρον εἰσ. Eur. Hipp. 1198; λέπας Id, Bacch. 10453 to come upon, fall in with, Βρομίου πόλιν ἔοιγμεν εἰσβαλεῖν Id. Cycl. 90 :—absol., ἤφριζον, εἰσέβαλλον ἱππικαὶ πνοαί the horse’s breath was foaming, was close upon them, Soph. El. 719. 2. of rivers, to empty themselves into, fall into, Hdt. 1. 75., 4. 48, al., Arist. Meteor. 2. 3, 41; τὸ ῥέεθρον is expressed in Hdt. 1.179; cf. εἰσδίδωμι, ἐκδίδωμι. 3. absol. zo begin, Schol. Pind. Ν, γ.1; κατὰ τὸ ἔαρ εἰσβάλλον Galen. εἴσβᾶσις, ews, ἡ, an entrance, εἰσβάσεις μηχανώμενοι devising ways of entrance, Eur. I. T. ΤΟΙ : embarkation, 'Thuc. 7. 30, Dio C. 41. 42. εἰσβᾶτός, ἡ, dv, accessible, τῇ τόλμῃ Thuc. 2. 41. εἰσβδάλλω, to suck in, Galen. 4. p. 374. εἰσβιάζομαι, Dep. to force one’s way into, εἰς οἶκον Plut. Num. 1; πρός τινα Diod. 14.9; ἐπὶ τὸν Βόσπορον Dio C. 42. 47. 2. to force oneself in, ὃ μὲν yap ὧν οὐκ ἀστὸς εἰσβιάζεται Ar. Av, 32; τῶν αὑτοὺς εἰσβιαζομένων .. ποιεῖσθαι who force [others] to adopt them into a family, Dem. too4. 18; cf. C. 1. 2685, al.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    λὺγξ τοῖς πλείοσι ἐνέπιπτε κενή Thuc. 2. 49: νόσημα ἐμπέπτωκε εἰς τὴν “Ελλάδα Dem. 424. 33 πρὶν ἐμπεσεῖν σπαραγμόν Soph. Tr. 1253 :— of passions, of frames of mind, χόλος, δέος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ Il. 9. 430., 17. 625; ἔρως ἔμπ. τινί Aesch. Ag. 341, cf. Soph. Ant. 782 ; οἶκτος Id. Ph. 965; and sometimes in Prose, γέλως ἔμπ. τινί Thuc. 4. 28; μὴ λύσσα τις ἡμῖν ἐμπεπτώκοι Xen. An. 5.7, 26; ἔλεος ἐμπέπτωκέ τίς μοι Philipp. ᾿Αργυρ. τ; but commonly ἐμπ. eis.., Hdt. 7. 43, Eur. 1. A. 443, Thuc. 2. 48, Lys. 93. 25, etc.; rarely c. acc., οὐδείς ποτ᾽ αὐτοὺς... ἂν ἐμπέσοι ζῆλος Soph. O.C. 9423 ἐμπέπτωκ᾽ ἔρως... Ἑλλάδα Eur. I. A. 809. 4. to light or chance upon a thing, to fall in with, τινί Hdt. τ. 34, εἴς. ; πρὶν ἁλίῳ γυῖον ἐμπεσεῖν before his body was exposed to the sun, Pind. N. 7.108; also, ἐμπ. ἐν ἀπορίᾳ Plat. Euthyd. 292 E; ἐπὶ συμφορήν Hadt. 7.88; more commonly ἐμπ. eis.., Lat. incidere in.., ἐμπ. eis ἄτας Soph. El. 216; εἰς βάρβαρα φάσγανα Eur. Hel. 864; εἰς ἐνέδραν Xen. Cyr. 8. 5,14; εἰς ἔρωτα Antiph. Incert. 12; εἰς νόσον Antipho 113. 31; εἰς ὑποψίας Id. 116. 37; εἰς λόγους Dem. 240. 2., 244. 28, etc. :—also, of words, καί μοι ἔπος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ came into my mind, Od. 12. 266; λόγος ἐμπέπτωκέ μοι came to my ears, Soph. O. C. 1150; λόγος ἐνέπεσε a report or conversation came in, arose, Ar. Lys. 858, Plat. Rep. 354 B, Legg. 799 D; but, ἐμπ. eis τὰ πεπραγμένα in speaking, to come upon the exploits, Dem. 298. 11, cf. 323. 11:—absol. to fall in one’s way, like ἐντυγχάνω, Hdn. 3. 9: to fall into place, of a dislocated limb, fo be set, Hipp. Art. 784. 5. ἐμπ. τῷ ἀκοντίῳ τῷ ὥμῳ to throw oneself on the javelin with one’s shoulder, i.e. to give all one’s force to the throw, Hipp. Aér. 292. 6. to break in, burst in, τῇ στέγῃ Soph. O. T. 1262; πύλαις Eur. Phoen. 1146; eis τὴν θύραν Ar. Lys. 309; absol., Aesch. Ag. 1350; ἐμπεσών violently, rashly, Hdt. 3. 81. 7. «is αἴσθησιν ἐμπ. to fall within the province of sense, Plat. Rep. 524 D; so in Arist., ἐμπ. εἰς τὰς εἰρημένας αἰτίας Metaph. 1. 5. 4, cf. Phys. 2. 4, 8, al.; εἰς ἄλλο πρόβλημα Id. Pol. 2. 8, 16. 8. ἐμπ. εἰς δεσμω- τήριον to be thrown into prison, Dinarch. 106.14, Dem. 788. 17, etc. ; so, ἐμπ. eis τὸν Τάρταρον Plat. Phaedo 114 A. 9. of circumstances, to happen, occur, Paus. 7. 8, 4.—Cf. ἐμπίτνω. ἐμπίς, ίδος, 6, a mosquito, gnat, rather larger than the κώνωψ, the culex or perhaps ¢ipula culiciformis, Ar. Nub. 157 54.; ἐμπίδες ὀξύστομοι Id. Av. 245, cf. Arist. H. A. I. 5, 13., 5.19, 14. 2. the larva of the olorpos, Ib. 1.1, 17. ἐμπῖσαι, ἐμπισθῆναι, v. sub ἐμπιπίσκω.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    ἐκπλᾶγής, és, (ἐκπλήσσω) panic-stricken, Polyb. 1. 76, 7, etc. ἐκπλάσσω, to form completely, Hippiatr. ἐκπλεθρίζω, to run round and round, in a course which narrows every time, Galen de San. tuend. 2. Io. ἕκ-πλεθρος, ov, six plethra long, ἕκπλ. ἀγών -- στάδιον Eur. El. 883 ; ἕμπλ. δρόμος Id. Med. 1181. On the form, v. Lob. Phryn. 414. ἐκπλεονάζω, strengthd. form of πλεονάζω, Arist. Probl. 5. 14, 3- ἔκπλεος, poét. ἔκπλειος, a, ov, Att. ἔκπλεως, wy :—guite full of a thing, c. gen., δαιτός, βορᾶς Eur. Cycl. 247, 416. 2. complete, entire, of a number of soldiers, ἱππεῖς ἔκπλεῳ .. cis τοὺς μυρίους Xen. Cyr. 6. 2, 7: abundant, copious, Ib. 1. 6, 7. ἕκ-πλευρος, ov, six-sided, Phryn. 412. ἐκπλέω, fut. -πλεύσομαι : Ion. ἐκπλώω, aor. -étAwoa. To sail out, sail away, weigh anchor, Hat. 6. 5, etc., Trag., etc.; τῆσδ᾽ ἐκπλ. χθονός Soph. Ph. 1375; ἐκ τῆσδε γῆς Ib. 577; ἐκπλ. εἰς... Hdt. 6. 22, etc. ; κατά τι in search of .. , Id. 2. 44,152; ἐπί τινα against .., Thuc. 1. 37: —of fish, éxmA, és τὴν θάλασσαν Hat. 2. 93. 2. metaph., ἐκπλεῖν τοῦ νοῦ, τῶν φρενῶν to go out of one’s mind, lose one’s senses, Id. 3. 155. II, rarely c. acc. loci, to sail out past, τὸ ἔθνος τῶν Ἰχθυο- φάγων Arr. Ind. 29. 7, cf. Lyc. 1084, Ap. Rh. 2. 645 ;—but for Hdt. 5. 103, v. ἔξω I. I. c. 2. c. acc. cogn., éxmA, τὸν ὕστερον πλοῦν Dem. 1186. 12. III. trans., ἐκπλ. eis τὴν εὐρυχωρίαν τὰς τῶν πολεμίων ναῦς to outsail them into the open sea, Thuc. 8.102. Cf. ἐξορμάω, ἐκποτάομαι. ἔκπλεως, wy, Att. for ἔκπλεος. ἐκπλήγδην, Adv. terribly, Suid.; prob. f.1. for ἐμπλήγδην. ἐκπλήγνῦμι, --ἐκπλήσσω, Thuc. 4. 125. ἐκπληκτικός, 7, dv, striking with consternation, astounding, θόρυβος Thuc. 8. 92; ἐκπλ. τοῖς ἐχθροῖς Xen. Eq. Mag. 8, 18; ἐκπληκτικώ- τερον more calculated to cause consternation, Arist. Poét. 25, 8. Adv. κῶς, in amazement, Polyb. 10. 5, 2: terribly, Diod. 14.25: Sup. -ὠτατα, Ael. N. A. 11, 32. ἔκπληκτος, ov, terror-stricken, amazed, Lat. percussus, Luc. Hermot. 18: —Advy. —Tws, Ael. N. A. 3. 22. II. astounding, Orph. H. 38. το. ἐκπλημμῦρέω, to gush out and overflow, Philostr. 868. ἔκπληξις, ews, 4, (ἐςπλήσσω) panic fear, consternation, Hipp. Aér. 290, Plat., etc.; «mA. κακῶν terror caused by misfortunes, Aesch. Pers. 606 (v. sub dpacia) ; ἔκπλ. παρέχειν, εἰς ἔκπλ. καθιστάναι Antipho 130. 5, Thuc. 4. 55., 6. 36; ἔκπλ. ἐμποιεῖν τινί Id, 4. 34. IIL. any vehe- ment passion, lust, Polyb. 3. 81, 6. ἐκπληρόω, --ἐκπίμπλημι, to fill quite up, τινε with.., Eur. Phoen. 1135. 2. to make up to a certain number, ἐκπληροῦσι τὰς ἴσας ΦΞ:----ΞΘΞ----------- -ς-- ---- - - - ὈἜ-Ἐο--- - -ς-.--. ---»-»-»----- εο------Θ- ὗὺῦΟ.----------------ςς---.--------Ξ--ς-ςςς----ς---ς- 441

  • From The Things They Carried (1990)

    During those two weeks the basic routine was simple. They'd sleep away the daylight hours, or try to sleep, then at dusk they'd put on their gear and move out single file into the dark. Always a heavy cloud cover. No moon and no stars. It was the purest black you could imagine, Sanders said, the kind of clock-stopping black that God must've had in mind when he sat down to invent blackness. It made your eyeballs ache. You'd shake your head and blink, except you couldn't even tell you were blinking, the blackness didn't change. So pretty soon you'd get jumpy. Your nerves would go. You'd start to worry about getting cut off from the rest of the unit— alone, you'd think—and then the real panic would bang in and you'd reach out and try to touch the guy in front of you, groping for his shirt, hoping to Christ he was still there. It made for some bad dreams. Dave Jensen popped special vitamins high in carotene. Lieutenant Cross popped NoDoz. Henry Dobbins and Norman Bowker even rigged up a safety line between them, a long piece of wire tied to their belts. The whole platoon felt the impact. With Rat Kiley, though, it was different. Too many body bags, maybe. Too much gore. At first Rat just sank inside himself, not saying a word, but then later on, after five or six days, it flipped the other way. He couldn't stop talking. Wacky talk, too. Talking about bugs, for instance: how the worst thing in Nam was the goddamn bugs. Big giant killer bugs, he'd say, mutant bugs, bugs with fucked-up DNA, bugs that were chemically altered by napalm and defoliants and tear gas and DDT. He claimed the bugs were personally after his ass. He said he could hear the bastards homing in on him. Swarms of mutant bugs, billions of them, they had him bracketed. Whispering his name, he said—his actual name—all night long—it was driving him crazy. Odd stuff, Sanders said, and it wasn't just talk. Rat developed some peculiar habits. Constantly scratching himself. Clawing at the bug bites. He couldn't quit digging at his skin, making big scabs and then ripping off the scabs and scratching the open sores. It was a sad thing to watch. Definitely not the old Rat Kiley. His whole personality seemed out of kilter.

  • From Synanon Kid: Book One: A Memoir of Growing Up in the Synanon Cult

    It would not bode well for them if they didn’t finish. “Line up!” Buddy instructed us. “You know what to do. I don’t want to see a single movement. You hear me?” Within seconds we were standing in our usual formation: five rows, six to a row, shortest to tallest. We stood erect, arms straight at our sides, eyes forward, unblinking, barely breathing. The sun seared the tops of our heads. I could feel a dampness spreading along my hairline. “All right, give me ten!” I groaned inwardly, wondering who had moved. I shot down with everyone else, hands spread shoulder-width apart, legs close together for the first round of ten pushups. The dark asphalt gave off the smell of warm tar. The pushups were easy for me, but some of the kids struggled. We all had to rise and fall at the same time. “One! Get those asses down. Two! Hold it together. You want to go for twenty? Three! We’re going for twenty!” Next to me, one of the girls whose arms were too thin and underdeveloped for such grueling exercise, struggled with trembling muscles to keep herself balanced. “ Five! Hold! When I tell you not to move, you don’t move! Is that understood?” “Yes, Buddy!” we all cried in unison. “What?” “Yes, Buddy!” My gaze snaked to the trembling mass next to me. It seemed as if all the blood in her body had traveled to her face. She stared miserably at the ground, mouth agape as if she could suck up strength through the air. “You!” Buddy stood over us. I could glimpse only his lower legs, knots of thick, ropy muscles. “Get up!” The girl almost collapsed before she rose slowly to her feet. “Go to the front,” Buddy said. “I want fifteen more pushups from the rest of you.” I powered through and jumped to my feet, followed by the others, and took up my rigid soldier stance. My previous companion stood before us, rumpled and wan, a red splotch on each white cheek. Buddy was a massive black man who stood six feet or taller. His muscles looked like lumps of sleek dark steel. His bald head shone under the penetrating afternoon sun. He marched up to the girl, hulking over her. The dark eyes in her thin face darted up to assess her situation. Just as quickly she looked back at the asphalt, her chest visibly rising and falling. “You think you can just cop out here?” His voice was soft. She shook her head. “What?” “No, Buddy.” “All right. Down. Give me twenty.” “I can’t.” The words were just a hiss of breath. She didn’t see it coming, but we did. His large hand connected hard with her thin chest. She flew back, landing on her bottom, the wind knocked out of her. She opened her mouth, but no sound came out. “You want to play games?” Buddy said. She shook her head, eyes watering.

  • From A Greek-English Lexicon (Liddell-Scott) (1957)

    ἔκνευσις, ews, ἧ, a turning the head aside, bending down to shun a blow, | sometimes of things, as, χειμὼν ἔκπαγλος Od. 14. 5223 ἐκπάγλοις ἐπέ Plat. Legg. 815 A. 2. éxv. τῆς ὁδοῦ a deviation, Schol. Ar. Ran. 113. | εσσι 1]. 15. 198, Od. 8. 77; ἔδδεισεν yap ἐμὴν ἔκπαγλον ἐνιπήν το. ἐκνεύω, fut. ow, aor. ἐξένευσα (cf. éxvéw) :—to turn the head out of its | 448, cf. 17. 216. 3. mostly as Adv., terribly, vehemently, exceed- natural position, of a horse, ἐκν. ἄνω to toss the head, Xen. Eq. 5, 4: τῇ | ingly, ἐκπάγλως ἀπόλεσσαν Il. 1. 268; κοτέοντο 2. 223; ἐθέλει οἰκόνδε κεφαλῇ ἐκνεύσας by a side-movement with the head, of the wild boar, Id. | νέεσθαι Ib. 357; μαίνεται 9. 238; ὠδύσατ᾽ ἔγπ. Od. 5. 340; ἤχθηρε Cyn. 10, 12. 2. c. acc. to shun, avoid, Orph. Arg. 456; ξίφος ap. Dion. 111. 4373 ὀδύρεται 15. 354 :—also in neut. as Adv., ἔκπαγλον ἐπεύξατο H.de Comp. 18; πληγήν Diod. 17.100. II. to fall headlong, és οὖδας | Il. 13. 413, εἴς. ; οὐ γὰρ ἔγώ σ᾽ ExT. ἀεικιῶ 22. 256 ; and in pl., ἔκπαγλα Eur. Phoen. 1151; eis θάνατον 1b.1268:; ἐκν. πρός τι to turn aside, Philo 1. | φιλεῖν to love beyond all measure, Il. 3. 418.» 5. 423. II. in later 207. IIL. 10 motion away, ἐξένευσ᾽ ἀποστῆναι πρόσω Eur. 1.T. 1330. Poets, the word often signifies merely marvellous, wondrous, ἀνὴρ ἔκπ. ἐκνέφελος, ov, bursting forth from clouds, Theophr. H. P. 8. Io, 3. Pind. P. 4.140; σθένει ἔκπαγλος 1. 7 (6). 30; ἐν πόνοις ἔκπαγλος I. 6 ἐκνεφίας (sc. ἄνεμος), 6, a hurricane, caused by clouds meeting and | (5). 80:—not freq. in Att. Poets, ἔγπ. κακόν, τέρας Aesch. Ag. 862, Cho. bursting, Alex. Anu. 1, cf. Arist. Meteor. 2. 6, 23., 3.1, 8; so, νότος éxv. | 548; δείπνων ἀρρήτων ἔκπαγλ᾽ ἄχθη Soph. El. 204; Adv. ἔκπαγλα Diod. 20. 88. 2. ἐκν. ὄμβρος rain with sunshine, Hipp. ap. Galen. marvellously, Soph. O. C. 716, and (acc. to Dind.) Ant.1137; in Att. ἐκνεφόομαι, Pass. to become a cloud, Theophr. Vent. 7. Prose only once, ὅπλα τὰ ἐκπαγλότατα Xen. Hier. 11, 3 :—cf. ἐκπαγλέομαι. ekvew, fut. -νεύσομαι: aor. 1 éévevoa:—to swim out, swim to land, Eur. | ἐκπᾶθαίνομαι, Pass. fo be vehemently affected, περί τι Clem. Al. 231. Hipp. 823, cf. Cycl. 577: to escape by swimming, Thuc. 2. 90: generally, | ἐκπάθεια, ἡ, violent passion, Longin. 38. 3. to escape, get safely through, Pind. O. 13. 163, Eur. Hipp. 470, ubi v. | ἐκπᾶθής, és, (πάθος) very passionate, transported with passion, furious, Valck., 1. T. 1186. Polyb. 16. 23, 5, εἴς. ; ἐπί τινι 1ἅ. τ. 7, 8; ἐκπ. πρός τι passionately eager ἐκνηπιόομαι, Pass. te become a child, Philostr. 199. for a thing, Id. 1.1, 6, etc. :—Adyv. -Θῶς, Ath. 443 D. ΤΙ. out ἐκνηστεύω, to continue fasting, Hipp. 481.15, Plut. 2. 686 E. of harm, unhurt, Suid.

  • From The Things They Carried (1990)

    "God's truth," Mitchell Sanders said. "A six-man patrol goes up into the mountains on a basic listening-post operation. The idea's to spend a week up there; just lie low and listen for enemy movement. They've got a radio along, so if they hear anything suspicious—anything—they're supposed to call in artillery or gunships, whatever it takes. Otherwise they keep strict field discipline. Absolute silence. They just listen." Sanders glanced at me to make sure I had the scenario. He was playing with his yo-yo, dancing it with short, tight strokes of the wrist. His face was blank in the dusk. "We're talking regulation, by-the-book LP. These six guys, they don't say boo for a solid week. They don't got tongues. A// ears." "Right," I said. "Understand me?" "Invisible." Sanders nodded. "Affirm," he said. "Invisible. So what happens is, these guys get themselves deep in the bush, all camouflaged up, and they lie down and wait and that's all they do, nothing else, they lie there for seven straight days and just listen. And man, I'll tell you—tt's spooky. This is mountains. You don't know spooky till you been there. Jungle, sort of, except it's way up in the clouds and there's always this fog—tlike rain, except it's not raining—everything's all wet and swirly and tangled up and you can't see jack, you can't find your own pecker to piss with. Like you don't even have a body. Serious spooky. You just go with the vapors—the fog sort of takes you in ... And the sounds, man. The sounds carry forever. You hear stuff nobody should ever hear. Sanders was quiet for a second, just working the yo-yo, then he smiled at me. "So after a couple days the guys start hearing this real soft, kind of wacked-out music. Weird echoes and stuff. Like a radio or something, but it's not a radio, it's this strange gook music that comes right out of the rocks. Faraway, sort of, but right up close, too. They try to ignore it. But it's a listening post, right? So they listen. And every night they keep hearing that crazyass gook concert. All kinds of chimes and xylophones. I mean, this is wilderness—no way, it can't be real—but there it is, like the mountains are tuned in to Radio fucking Hanoi. Naturally they get nervous. One guy sticks Juicy Fruit in his ears. Another guy almost flips. Thing is, though, they can't report music. They can't get on the horn and call back to base and say, 'Hey, listen, we need some firepower, we got to blow away this weirdo gook rock band.' They can't do that. It wouldn't go down. So they lie there in the fog and keep their mouths shut. And what makes it extra bad, see, is the poor dudes can't horse around like normal. Can't joke it away. Can't even talk to each other except maybe in whispers, all hush-hush, and that just revs up the willies. All they do is listen."

In behavioral science