Research article
Work-Family Organizational Support as a Predictor of Work-Family Conflict, Enrichment, and Balance: Crossover and Spillover Effects in Dual-Income Couples
Alessandro Lo Presti; Monica Molino; Federica Emanuel; Alfonso Landolfi; Chiara Ghislieri
Europe's Journal of Psychology • 2020 • DOI
Abstract
Dual-income families are challenged by several issues in terms of conciliation between the working environment, the family context and the management of children. This paper, consistently with spillover and crossover hypotheses, aimed at examining the intermediate role of work-family balance, linking on work-family organizational support, work-to-family enrichment and conflict as predictors, and on family-life satisfaction of dual-income families’ both partners as final outcomes. It was expected that work-family organizational support would be related to lower work-to-family conflict and higher enrichment and, through them, with higher work-family balance; moreover, a positive association between work-family balance and family-life satisfaction of both partners was assumed. 390 double-income heterosexual couples participated in our study; 76.2% of the couples were parents. Structural equation modelling results showed that work-family balance was negatively predicted by work-to-family conflict and positively predicted by work-to-family enrichment. Furthermore, work-family organizational support positively predicted work-to-family enrichment, which also mediated its effect on work-family balance. Crossover and spillover effects were also confirmed, given that positive associations between work-family balance and family-life satisfaction of both partners were found. Implications for future research and organizational interventions aimed at both improving work-family balance and promoting greater satisfaction in family life are discussed.
Keywords
dual-income couple · work-family balance · family-life satisfaction · work-family organizational support · crossover effect · spillover effect
Available formats
research_article
File instances
5
Extracted by meta-factory
Models (1)
Spillover-Crossover Model (SCM)
evidence: MediumWork-Family Interface • Family-Life Satisfaction
Primary factors
Work-Family Organizational Support (WFOS)Work-to-Family ConflictWork-to-Family EnrichmentWork-Family BalanceField domains
Organizational BehaviorI-O Psychology
Instruments (5)
Work-Family Organizational Support (WFOS)
format: likertdeveloper: Thompson et al.
Constructs
Work-Family Organizational Supportreliability: Cronbach's alpha = .86
Work-to-Family Conflict
developer: Netemeyer, Boles, & McMurrian
Constructs
Work-to-Family Conflictreliability: Cronbach's alpha = .90
Work-to-Family Enrichment
format: likertdeveloper: Carlson, Kacmar, Wayne, & Grzywacz
Constructs
Work-to-Family Enrichmentreliability: Cronbach's alpha = .92
Work-Family Balance
format: likertdeveloper: Carlson et al.
Constructs
Work-Family Balancereliability: Cronbach's alpha = .94
Family-Life Satisfaction
format: likertdeveloper: Adapted from the Satisfaction with Life Scale
Constructs
Family-Life Satisfactionreliability: Cronbach's alpha = .94 for focal persons and .93 for their partners
Constructs (5)
Work-Family Organizational Support (WFOS)
WFOS_001The extent to which employees perceive their managers and the organization as being supportive in helping them find a balance between work and family domains.
Domains
Culture & ClimateWellbeing & StressLinked models
Spillover-Crossover Model (SCM)WFOS is linked to reducing work-family conflict and increasing work-family enrichment.
Work-to-Family Conflict
WFC_002A form of inter-role conflict in which the demands of work and family roles are incompatible in some respect so that participation in either the work or family role is more difficult because of participation in the other role.
Domains
Wellbeing & StressLinked models
Spillover-Crossover Model (SCM)Work-to-family conflict negatively predicts work-family balance.
Work-to-Family Enrichment
WFE_003The extent to which experience in one role improves the quality of the life in the other role.
Domains
Wellbeing & StressLinked models
Spillover-Crossover Model (SCM)Work-to-family enrichment positively predicts work-family balance.
Work-Family Balance
WFB_004The accomplishment of role-related expectations that are negotiated and shared between an individual and his/her role-related partners in the work and family domains.
Domains
Wellbeing & StressLinked models
Spillover-Crossover Model (SCM)Work-family balance is distinct from conflict and enrichment.
Family-Life Satisfaction
FLS_005The degree to which an individual is satisfied with his/her own family life.
Domains
Wellbeing & StressLinked models
Spillover-Crossover Model (SCM)Family-life satisfaction is positively associated with work-family balance.
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